Zaragoza (Spanish Congress Electoral District)
Zaragoza is one of the 52 electoral districts (circunscripciones) used for the Spanish Congress of Deputies - the lower chamber of the Spanish Parliament, the Cortes Generales. It is one of the three electoral districts which correspond to the provinces of Aragon. Zaragoza is by far the largest municipality with over 500,000 voters (70% of the total electorate.) There are no other municipalities with electorates over 15,000.[1] Like its Aragonese neighbour Teruel, Zaragoza has been a political Bellwether as the party that has won most seats in the district has gone on to form the government.
Contents
Boundaries and electoral system
Under Article 68 of the Spanish constitution [2] the boundaries must be the same as the province of Zaragoza and under Article 140 this can only be altered with the approval of congress. Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage in a secret ballot. The electoral system used is closed list proportional representation with seats allocated using the D'Hondt method. Only lists which poll 3% or more of all valid votes cast, including votes "en blanco" i.e. for "none of the above" can be considered for seats. Under article 12 of the constitution, the minimum voting age is 18. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Electoral procedures
The laws regulating the conduct and administration of elections are laid out in detail in the 1985 electoral law. (Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General.[3]) Under this law, the elections in Zaragoza, as in other districts, are supervised by the Electoral Commission (Junta Electoral), a permanent body composed of eight Supreme Court judges and five political scientists or sociologists appointed by the Congress of Deputies. The Electoral commission is supported in its work by the Interior Ministry. On election day, polling stations are run by electoral boards which consist of groups of citizens selected by lottery.[4]
The format of the ballot paper is designed by the Spanish state, however, the law allows political parties to produce and distribute their own ballot papers, either by mailing them to voters or by other means such as street distribution, provided that they comply with the official model. The government then covers the cost of all printed ballot papers. These must then be marked by voters, either in the polling station or outside the polling station and placed inside sealed envelopes which are then placed inside ballot boxes in the polling station. Following the close of polls, the ballots are then counted in each individual polling station in the presence of representatives of the political parties and candidates. The ballots are then immediately destroyed, with the exception of those considered invalid or challenged by the candidates' representatives, which are retained for further scrutiny. The result is that full recounts are impossible.[5]
Eligibility
Article 67.3 of the Spanish Constitution prohibits dual membership of both chambers of the Cortes or of the Cortes and regional assemblies, meaning that candidates must resign from regional assemblies if elected. Article 70 also makes active judges, magistrates, public defenders, serving military personnel, active police officers and members of constitutional and electoral tribunals ineligible.[2] Additionally, under Article 11 of the Political Parties Law, June 2002 (Ley Orgánica 6/2002, de 27 de junio, de Partidos Políticos), parties and individual candidates may be prevented from standing by the Spanish Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo), if they are judged to have violated Article 9 of that law which prohibits parties which are perceived to discriminate against people on the basis of ideology, religion, beliefs, nationality, race, gender or sexual orientation (Article 9a), foment or organise violence as a means of achieving political objectives (Article 9b) or support or compliment the actions of "terrorist organisations" (Article 9c).[6] Article 55, Section 2 of the 1985 electoral law also disqualifies director generals or equivalent leaders of state monopolies and public bodies such as the Spanish state broadcaster RTVE.[3] Lastly, following changes to the electoral law which took effect for the 2007 municipal elections, candidates' lists must be composed of at least 40% of candidates of either gender and each group of five candidates must contain at least two males and two females.[4]
Number of members
From the 1977 General Election onwards Zaragoza returned eight members. At the 1989 General Election it lost a seat and has returned seven members since then.
Under Spanish electoral law, all provinces are entitled to a minimum of 2 seats with a remaining 248 seats apportioned according to population.[7] These laws are laid out in detail in the 1985 electoral law. (Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General) The practical effect of this has been to overrepresent smaller provinces at the expense of larger provinces. Zaragoza had a ratio of 103,831 voters per deputy in 2004,[8] a figure slightly above the Spanish average of 98,777 voters per deputy but far ahead of the ratio of 38,714 voters per deputy in Teruel [9]
Summary of seats won 1977–2011
| 1977 | 1979 | 1982 | 1986 | 1989 | 1993 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2011 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic Centre Union (UCD) | 3 | 4 | |||||||||
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 |
| Popular Socialist Party (PSP) | 1 | ||||||||||
| People's Party (PP) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Independent / Aragonese Party (PAR) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | 1 | ||||||||||
| United Left (IU) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
| Chunta Aragonesista (CHA) | 1 | 1 |
Note: Seats shown for the PP include seats won by their predecessors, the Popular Alliance and Popular Coalition before 1989. They ran in an electoral alliance with the Aragonese Party (Partido Aragonés) in 1982 and 1996. The Aragonese party did not exist in 1977 and the candidate who was elected for them in 1979 was elected as an Independent Aragonese Centre Candidate {Candidatura Aragonesa Independiente de centro (CAIC)) in 1977.
| 1977 | 1979 | 1982 | 1986 | 1989 | 1993 | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 | 2011 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic Centre Union (UCD) | 31.8 | 36.1 | 6.8 | ||||||||
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) | 25.5 | 26.8 | 51.3 | 43.6 | 38.0 | 32.4 | 31.9 | 29.2 | 40.3 | 46.4 | 30.8 |
| Popular Socialist Party (PSP) | 10.7 | ||||||||||
| Aragonese Party (PAR) | 8.5 | 9.0 | 31.5 | 11.6 | 10.6 | 20.2 | 48.3 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 46.9 |
| People's Party (PP) | 8.0 | 5.4 | 25.2 | 27.5 | 32.2 | 47.6 | 35.6 | 36.5 | |||
| United Left (IU) | 5.2 | 8.0 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 10.1 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 11.5 |
| Chunta Aragonesista (CHA) | 0.5 | 0.9 | 8.0 | 12.8 | 14.5 | 5.9 | |||||
| Party of Labour of Spain (PTE) | 4.7 | ||||||||||
| Coalition for Aragon (PSAR-PSDA) | 4.1 | ||||||||||
| Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) | 4.0 | 10.9 | 7.2 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | |||||
| Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) | 6.4 |
Results
The 2008 election saw the tenth largest increase overall in the PSOE vote share and they gained the seat previously held by Chunta Aragonesista, whose MP had retired.
2008 General Election
| Parties and alliances | Votes | % | Seats | Members elected |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español) | 254,479 | 46.40 | 4 | Jesús Membrado Giner, María Alegria Continente, Alfredo Arola Blanquet, Concepción Sanz Carrillo |
| People's Party (Partido Popular) | 199,934 | 36.46 | 3 | Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda, Baudilio Tomé Muguruza, Ramón Moreno Bustos |
| Aragonese Council (Chunta Aragonesista) | 32,281 | 5.89 | 0 | |
| Aragonese Party (Partido Aragonés) | 25,949 | 4.73 | 0 | |
| United Left-Greens | 15,731 | 2.87 | 0 | |
| Union, Progress and Democracy (Unión, Progreso y Democracia) | 6,621 | 1.21 | 0 | |
| Others | 6,527 | 1.20 | 0 |
The 2004 election saw the PP vote drop by 12.1%, this was the third biggest drop overall in the PP vote in any district. The PSOE vote grew by 11.1%. Consequently the swing from PP to PSOE was 11.6% - the largest swing of the election between the two main parties.
2004 General Election
| Parties and alliances | Votes | % | Seats | Members elected |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español) | 224,776 | 40.26 | 3 | Jesús Membrado Giner, Alfredo Arola Blanquet, Eva Sáenz Royo |
| People's Party (Partido Popular) | 198,480 | 35.55 | 3 | Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda#, Gabriel Cisneros Laborda*, Ramón Moreno Bustos |
| Aragonese Council (Chunta Aragonesista) | 81,160 | 14.54 | 1 | José Antonio Labordeta |
| Aragonese Party (Partido Aragonés) | 22,758 | 4.08 | 0 | |
| United Left-Greens | 15,672 | 2.81 | 0 | |
| Others | 3,693 | 0.70 | 0 |
# On 6 July 2004, Rudi was replaced by Verónica Lope Fontagne * On 27 July 2007, Cisneros died[10] and was replaced by Rafael Lapeña Gil
2000 General Election
| Parties and alliances | Votes | % | Seats | Members elected |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| People's Party (Partido Popular) | 244,403 | 47.63 | 4 | Luisa Fernanda Rudi Ubeda, Gabriel Cisneros Laborda |
| Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español) | 149,672 | 29.17 | 2 | |
| Aragonese Council (Chunta Aragonesista) | 65,599 | 12.78 | 1 | José Antonio Labordeta |
| Aragonese Party (Partido Aragonés) | 22,382 | 4.36 | 0 | |
| United Left | 19,059 | 3.71 | 0 | |
| Others | 4,906 | 1.00 | 0 |
Source: [11]
External links
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Spanish Constitution
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ General features of Spanish electoral system
- ↑ Zaragoza election result 2004
- ↑ Teruel election result 2004
- ↑ El Mundo 27 July 2007 accessed 16 Aug 2009
- ↑ Interior ministry link to election results
