Voluntary return

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Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Voluntary return or voluntary repatriation is the assisted or independent return of refugees, who temporarily live in a refugee camp or an urban area, to their country of origin based on the free will of the returnee. The term voluntary return is used for two slightly different contexts: it can be the return of rejected asylum seekers or irregular migrants to their countries of origin (section other migrants), or it can be the most preferred of the UNHCR's durable solutions for refugees (section UNHCR registered refugees). The latter are protected from deportation (or refoulement) by UNHCR and the 1951 Refugee Convention, whereas the former may be deported if they don't leave voluntarily.

UNHCR registered refugees

Voluntary return and repatriation movements of refugees between 2014 and 1998[1]
End-year 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Returned refugees 1,016,400 767,500 2,426,000 1,434,400 733,700 603,800 197,700 525,900 126,800
Voluntary return and repatriation movements of refugees by country between 2014 and 2010
Returning from Returning to 2014 2013[2] 2012[3] 2011[4] 2010[5]
Total UNHCR assisted Total UNHCR assisted Total UNHCR assisted Total UNHCR assisted Total UNHCR assisted
Afghanistan India 210 160 120 70 110 50
Afghanistan Iran 4,510 4,510 8,250 8,250 15,040 15,040 18,850 18,850 8,490 8,490
Afghanistan Pakistan 12,990 12,260 31,220 30,390 83,420 80,000 52,100 49,160 109,380 109,380
Angola Botswana 430 430
Angola Congo 180 180 190 190
Angola DRC 12,480 12,480 15,570 15,570 1,540 1,540
Angola Namibia 2,810 2,810
Angola Zambia 1,620 1,620 1,160 1,160 1,090 980 2,370 2,370 400 400
Bosnia Germany 180 0
Bosnia Sweden 200 0
Burundi DRC 900 900 1,500 1,500 480 480 3,940 3,940 3,640 3,640
Burundi Kenya 290 290
Burundi Tanzania 510 510 35,200 35,200 340 340 1,010 1,010
Cameroon Nigeria 390 390
CAR Cameroon 350 350 2,500 2,500
CAR Chad 1,970 1,970 6,470 6,470
Chad Cameroon 380 380 1,710 1,710
Chad CAR 270 270
Congo Gabon 710 710
Côte d'Ivoire Benin 100 100 110 110
Côte d'Ivoire Guinea 390 390
Côte d'Ivoire Liberia 12,210 12,200 18,720 18,270 71,990 7,110 135,110 135,110
Côte d'Ivoire Mali 160 160
Côte d'Ivoire Togo 660 660 460 410
Croatia Bosnia 160 160 230 230 400 110
Croatia Serbia 120 120 410 410 200 200
DRC Burundi 290 290 260 260 490 490 1,100 1,100
DRC CAR 6,970 6,970 310 10 790 0 11,640 0
DRC Congo 10,070 10,070 62,870 62,870 46,390 46,390 760 20
DRC South Sudan 2,510 2,510
DRC Sudan 4,470 0 2,440 0
DRC Uganda 5,540 5,540 320 10 21,910 10 7,990 0 6,180 10
DRC Tanzania 100 100
DRC Zambia 130 130 9,270 9,270
Ethiopia South Sudan 440 440
Iraq Austria 360 360
Iraq Egypt 100 100
Iraq France 100 100
Iraq Germany 320 320
Iraq Greece 450 450
Iraq Indonesia 960 960
Iraq Iran 280 280
Iraq Italy 350 350
Iraq Jordan 750 750
Iraq Kazakhstan 2,310 2,310
Iraq Lebanon 110 110
Iraq Libya 240 240
Iraq New Zealand 370 370
Iraq Norway 250 250
Iraq Syria 1,960 1,960
Iraq Turkey 120 120
Iraq UAE 430 430
Iraq UK 740 740
Iraq various/unknown 60,880 48,190 82,270 40,460 67,090 67,090 28,820 25,180
Kenya Uganda 320 320
Liberia Côte d'Ivoire 17,590 17,590 1,170 1,170 920 920
Liberia Gambia 330 330
Liberia Ghana 4,710 4,710 470 470 180 180
Liberia Guinea 5,550 5,550 120 120
Liberia Nigeria 170 170
Liberia Sierra Leone 1,030 1,030
Libya Tunisia 1,050 0 148,950 0
Mali Algeria 2,370 2,370 920 0
Mali Burkina Faso 7,740 7,740 3,760 110
Mali Mauritania 4,550 4,550 3,900 2,050
Mali Niger 6,300 6,300 5,690 2,760
Mauritania Senegal 6,210 6,210 1,370 1,370 1,390 1,390
Myanmar Thailand 3,000 0
Pakistan Afghanistan 3,450 0
Rwanda DRC 5,650 5,650 7,200 7,200 10,780 10,780 8,350 8,350 10,810 10,810
Rwanda Uganda 410 410 380 380
Serbia Macedonia 250 210 160 150
Serbia Montenegro 130 130 120 120 200 200
Somalia Ethiopia 4,480 0
Somalia Ethiopia 490 490 28,830 0
Somalia Sudan 130 0
Somalia Yemen 1,990 0 2,620 30 110 110
South Sudan Israel 330 160
South Sudan Uganda 280 280 1,910 1,910 890 890
Sri Lanka India 500 400 910 710 1,450 1,260 2,310 1,670 5,040 5,040
Sudan Chad 13,110 13,110 16,940 16,940 17,660 17,660 30,890 14,670 4,000 0
Sudan Egypt 150 150 140 120 250 250
Sudan Ethiopia 270 270
Sudan Israel 100 100
Sudan Libya 17,820 17,820
Sudan Uganda 1,670 1,670 810 810 2,670 2,670
Syria Turkey 140,760 0 68,570 0
Togo Benin 100 100
Turkey Iraq 240 0
Zimbabwe South Africa 100 60

Other migrants

The International Organisation for Migration (IOM) offers Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration (AVRR) to migrants whose application for asylum was rejected or withdrawn, stranded migrants, victims of trafficking, and other vulnerable groups, such as unaccompanied children, or those with health-related needs.[6]

Voluntary returns via IOM AVRR between 2014 and 2010[7]
Country/Territory departed from country/territory returned to country/territory
2011 2012 2013 2014 2011 2012 2013 2014
Afghanistan 17 834 2,019 1,624 1,304
Albania 2 85 330 326 1,239
Algeria 118 176 140 41
Angola 108 69 69 76
Antigua and Barbuda 1 1
Argentina 2 3 123 140 77 89
Armenia 504 532 448 435
Australia 478 428 699 800 2 24 2
Austria 2,880 2,601 2,896 2,299 1 1 2 7
Azerbaijan 180 220 216 249
Bahamas 5 1
Bahrain 1
Bangladesh 126 1,208 2,000 1,334
Barbados 10 1
Belarus 88 281 269 188 159
Belgium 3,358 4,694 4,388 3,459 2 5 1 1
Belize 2 1 1
Benin 200 9 3 7 19 73 19
Bermuda 4
Bhutan 2 1
Bolivia 300 256 225 183
Bosnia and Herzegovina 164 221 500 935 1,511
Botswana 1 8 12 3
Brazil 1,903 1,802 1,418 881
Bulgaria 67 51 147 330 76 90 82 75
Burkina Faso 21 46 208 91
Burundi 103 133 34 29
Cambodia 8 3 15 30 64 30
Cameroon 5 2 111 90 159 345
Canada 862 2,024 1,244 13 67 27
Cape Verde 18 19 25 25
CAR 1 1
Chad 16 94 23 15
Chile 113 183 169 120
China 1 873 674 657 519
Colombia 207 346 320 293
Comoros 5 2 6
Congo 26 14 26 74
DRC 82 187 109 96
Costa Rica 93 2 12 9 1 7
Ivory Coast 154 81 215 316
Croatia 42 76 140 120
Cuba 13 9 15 20
Czech Republic 202 223 146 173 7 60 82 64
Denmark 64 66 219 110 8 19 2 3
Dominican Republic 1,209 1 71 81 39 34
Ecuador 2 752 780 356 276
Egypt 54 296 185 173 93 221 366 501
El Salvador 2 19 47 90 79
Equatorial Guinea 4 3 1 2
Eritrea 11 13 11 13
Estonia 8 29 17 23 8 11 6 9
Ethiopia 1,127 1,515 542 1,610
Fiji 16 10 11 16
Finland 304 327 342 318 1
France 6 3 8 6 11 10 8
Gabon 2 1
Gambia 56 221 300 76
Georgia 4 595 706 1,157 1,874
Germany 6,319 7,546 10,251 13,574 16 22 9 6
Ghana 17 10 226 324 355 222
Greece 760 7,290 9,325 7,357 3 8 7 15
Grenada 2 1
Guatemala 2 19 28 28 25
Guinea 102 13 12 161 142 244 270
Guinea-Bissau 15 55 68 33
Guyana 4 1 3 2
Haiti 1,211 67 5 1
Honduras 3 35 73 95 113
Hong Kong 37 11 4 4 6 9
Hungary 365 414 353 491 30 347 1,099 517
India 68 515 415 604 530
Indonesia 297 955 561 175 145 184 139
Iran 431 550 1,346 1,219
Iraq 2,667 2,472 1,930 1,280
Ireland 402 359 340 188 10 19 15 12
Israel 39 33 64 15
Italy 506 848 993 867 26 17 7 21
Jamaica 14 17 13 17
Japan 4 7 2 4 7 2
Jordan 2 5 51 66 68 99
Kazakhstan 58 207 182 147
Kenya 543 1 53 75 68 48
Kiribati 1
South Korea 2 41 16 45 57
Kosovo 1,569 1,334 1,542 1,546
Kuwait 1 2 2
Kyrgystan 80 119 123 81
Laos 1 4 1 2
Latvia 73 89 82 94 2 5 5 16
Lebanon 103 95 60 143
Liberia 19 15 34 18
Libya 172 847 218 27 50 80 82
Liechtenstein 5
Lithuania 47 65 43 66 12 11 4 15
Luxembourg 101 97 116 186
Macau 7
Macedonia 1,961 1,872 2,526 2,387
Madagascar 5 9 1 15
Malawi 38 3 15 12
Malaysia 36 23 11 44 42 20 21
Mali 21 8 7 55 32 173 126
Malta 29 39 55 72 1 3
Mauretania 1 8 18 35 14
Mauritius 23 23 77 37 58 31
Mexico 1,141 897 17 25 20 190 56 45
Moldova 38 73 10 248 199 213 149
Mongolia 1 4 632 527 458 541
Montenegro 26 127 83 174
Morocco 440 89 498 1,158 135 523 482 416
Mozambique 12 11 9 7
Myanmar 1 15 48 72 137
Namibia 2 2 34 17
Nepal 147 202 205 136
Nauru 50 17 46
Netherlands 3,473 2,905 2,489 2,269 11 10 8 5
New Zealand 2 3 3 2
Nicaragua 12 13 4 14 23 25 35
Niger 78 82 6 15 48 31 30
Nigeria 2 623 689 914 609
Norway 1,813 1,753 1,899 1,622 5 4 14
Oman 1
Pakistan 586 4,324 5,606 3,860
Palestinian territories 84 60 41 21
Panama 1 1 5 7 3 3
Papua New Guinea 5 3 177 278 31 2 2 13
Paraguay 4 74 60 49 75
Peru 2 3 149 149 183 207
Philippines 1 92 132 244 198
Poland 1,149 753 1,949 1,463 34 65 52 44
Portugal 594 753 692 412 2 3 15 16
Puerto Rico 1
Quatar 1
Réunion 1
Romania 131 312 197 113 198 168 140 776
Russia 12 117 10 2,561 2,607 5,048 4,538
Rwanda 32 40 35 21
Saint Kitts and Nevis 1
Saint Lucia 1 13 39 23
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 52 12
Samoa 1 4 1 1
São Tomé and Príncipe 16 23 14 7
Saudi Arabia 1 4 5
Senegal 1 1 124 201 328 283
Serbia 2,921 3,917 3,933 4,570
Seychelles 1 1 1
Sierra Leone 6 25 29 37 23
Singapore 3 4 1 11
Slovakia 95 54 50 57 51 141 181 188
Slovenia 11 11 20 16 11 10 1
Solomon Islands 1 1
Somalia 990 1 1,005 14 13
South Africa 197 247 48 36 20 38
South Sudan 15 120 74
Spain 823 785 758 889 14 12 9 21
Sri Lanka 1 205 847 409 374
Sudan 66 276 161 216
Suriname 32 46 56 58
Swaziland 3 2
Sweden 78 98 98 63 8 14 12 10
Switzerland 1,130 2,289 1,655 478 5 3
Syria 77 13
Taiwan 1 4
Tajikistan 74 45 49 77
Tanzania 912 589 58 47 50 35
Thailand 49 13 25 17 24 22
East Timor 1 1
Togo 183 2 5 21 26 74 31
Tonga 6 2 1
Trinidad and Tobago 4 8 5
Tunisia 9 251 99 278 451 609 139
Turkey 200 569 618 495 384 371 256 276
Turkmenistan 18 89 74 4
Turks and Caicos 3
Uganda 47 62 51 70
Ukraine 159 72 21 699 677 789 970
UAE 7 1 8 2
UK 874 2 53 41 59 50
USA 76 137 32 41
Uruguay 107 39 42 33
Usbekistan 148 200 159 190
Vanatu 1 5
Venezuela 34 34 45 34
Vietnam 1 371 215 251 179
Yemen 128 794 335 827 11 40 46 29
Zambia 34 20 8 4 4
Zimbabwe 90 35 5 12

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ https://www.iom.int/assisted-voluntary-return-and-reintegration
  7. ↑ https://www.iom.int/sites/default/files/our_work/DMM/AVRR/AVRR-at-a-glance-2015.pdf
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