United States House of Representatives elections, 1884

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United States House of Representatives elections, 1884

← 1882 November 4, 1884[Note 1] 1886 →

All 325 seats to the United States House of Representatives
163 seats were needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
  John Griffin Carlisle, Brady-Handy photo portrait, ca1870-1880.jpg Thomas Brackett Reed - Brady-Handy.jpg
Leader John G. Carlisle Thomas Brackett Reed
Party Democratic Republican
Last election 199 seats[Note 2] 118 seats[Note 3]
Seats won 183[1][Note 4][Note 5] 141[1][Note 4]
Seat change Decrease 16 Increase 23

  Third party
  No image.svg
Party Greenback
Last election 2 seats
Seats won 1[1][Note 4]
Seat change Decrease 1

Speaker before election

John G. Carlisle
Democratic

Elected Speaker

John G. Carlisle
Democratic

Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1884 for Representatives in the 49th Congress. These election coincided with the election of President Grover Cleveland.

In spite of Cleveland's victory, the opposition Republican Party gained back some of the seats lost in 1882, but the Democratic Party retained a majority in the House. Republicans were able to make these slight gains by connecting their pro-business and industry message with progress. The Democrats were also hindered by the Panic of 1884, but were not greatly affected by it since the depression ended quickly.

Election summaries

183 1 141
Democratic Gb Republican
State Type Total
seats
Democratic Republican Others
Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change
Alabama District 8 8 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Arkansas District[Note 6] 5 5 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
California District[Note 6] 6 1 Decrease 5 5 Increase 5 0 Steady
Colorado At-large 1 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Connecticut District 4 2 Decrease 1 2 Increase 1 0 Steady
Delaware At-large 1 1 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Florida District 2 2 Increase 1 0 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Georgia District[Note 6] 10 10 Steady 0 Steady 0 Steady
Illinois District 20 10 Increase 1 10 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Indiana District 13 9 Steady 4 Steady 0 Steady
Iowa District 11 3 Increase 1 7 Decrease 1 1[Note 7] Steady
Kansas District[Note 6] 7 0 Steady 7 Steady 0 Steady
Kentucky District 11 10 Increase 1 1 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Louisiana District 6 5 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Maine[Note 8] District[Note 9] 4 0 Steady 4 Steady 0 Steady
Maryland District 6 5 Increase 1 1 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Massachusetts District 12 2 Decrease 1 10 Increase 1 0 Steady
Michigan District 11 7 Increase 1 4 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Minnesota District 5 0 Steady 5 Steady 0 Steady
Mississippi District 7 7 Increase 2 0 Decrease 1 0 Decrease 1[Note 10]
Missouri District 14 12 Decrease 2 2 Increase 2 0 Steady
Nebraska District 3 0 Steady 3 Steady 0 Steady
Nevada At-large 1 0 Decrease 1 1 Increase 1 0 Steady
New Hampshire District 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
New Jersey District 7 3 Steady 4 Steady 0 Steady
New York District[Note 6] 34 17[Note 5] Decrease 4 17 Increase 4 0 Steady
North Carolina District[Note 6] 9 8 Increase 1 1 Decrease 1 0 Steady
Ohio[Note 8] District 21 11 Decrease 2 10 Increase 2 0 Steady
Oregon[Note 8] At-large 1 0 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Pennsylvania District
+ at-large
28 8 Decrease 4 20 Increase 5 0 Decrease 1[Note 7]
Rhode Island District 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
South Carolina District 7 6 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Tennessee District 10 7 Decrease 1 3 Increase 1 0 Steady
Texas District 11 11 Increase 1 0 Steady 0 Decrease 1[Note 10]
Vermont[Note 8] District 2 0 Steady 2 Steady 0 Steady
Virginia District[Note 6] 10 8 Increase 2 2 Increase 2 0 Decrease 4[Note 11]
West Virginia District 4 3 Steady 1 Steady 0 Steady
Wisconsin District 9 2 Decrease 4 7 Increase 4 0 Steady
Total 325 183[1][Note 5]
56.3%
Decrease 12 141[1]
43.4%
Increase 19 1[1]
0.6%
Decrease 7
House seats
Democratic
  
56.31%
Republican
  
43.38%
Greenback
  
0.31%
House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80.1-100% Democratic
  80.1-100% Republican
  60.1-80% Democratic
  60.1-80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican
Net gain in party representation
  6+ Democratic gain
  6+ Republican gain
  3-5 Democratic gain
  3-5 Republican gain
  1-2 Democratic gain
  1-2 Republican gain
  no net change

Early election dates

In 1884, four states, with 28 seats among them, held elections early:

Complete returns

Party abbreviations

California

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Two new districts were created for the seats gained in the 1882 reapportionment, eliminating the at-large district that had been created for them.

District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
California 1 Barclay Henley
Redistricted from 2nd district
Democratic 1882 Re-elected Barclay Henley (D) 49.7%
Thomas L. Carothers (R) 49.3%
C. C. Bateman (Pr) 1%
California 2 Charles A. Sumner
Redistricted from the at-large district
Democratic 1882 Lost re-election
Republican gain
James A. Louttit (R) 49.4%
Charles A. Sumner (D) 49.1%
Joshua B. Webster (Pr) 1.5%
California 3 John R. Glascock
Redistricted from the at-large district
Democratic 1882 Lost re-election
Republican gain
Joseph McKenna (R) 55.8%
John R. Glascock (D) 42.3%
Joshua B. Wills (Pr) 1%
A. B. Burns (Pop) 0.9%
California 4 William Rosecrans
Redistricted from 1st district
Democratic 1880 Retired
Republican gain
William W. Morrow (R) 58.8%
R. P. Hastings (D) 40.7%
H. S. Fitch (Pop) 0.5%
George Babcock (Pr) 0.0%
California 5 Pleasant B. Tully
Redistricted from 4th district
Democratic 1882 Retired
Republican gain
Charles N. Felton (R) 48.8%
Frank J. Sullivan (D) 48.4%
C. Henderson (Pr) 1.4%
A. E. Redstone (I) 1.4%
California 6 None (District created) New seat
Republican gain
Henry H. Markham (R) 49.1%
R. F. Del Valle (D) 47.9%
Will D. Gould (Pr) 2.3%
Isaac Kinley (Pop) 0.7%

Florida

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District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
Florida 1 Robert H. M. Davidson Democratic 1876 Re-elected Robert H. M. Davidson (D) 55.1%
Eugene O. Locke (R) 44.9%
Florida 2 Horatio Bisbee, Jr. Republican 1880 Lost re-election
Democratic gain
Charles Dougherty (D) 51.8%
Horatio Bisbee, Jr. (R) 47.6%
Josiah T. Walls (IR) 0.6%

South Carolina

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District Incumbent Party First
elected
Result Candidates
South Carolina 1 Samuel Dibble Democratic 1882 Re-elected Samuel Dibble (D) 73.5%
W. N. Taft (R) 26.5%
South Carolina 2 George D. Tillman Democratic 1878 Re-elected George D. Tillman (D) 84.4%
E. J. Dickerson (R) 14.2%
Others 1.4%
South Carolina 3 D. Wyatt Aiken Democratic 1876 Re-elected D. Wyatt Aiken (D) 93.5%
John R. Tolbert (R) 6.5%
South Carolina 4 Previous incumbent John H. Evins (D) died on October 20, 1884 Democratic hold William H. Perry (D) 99.4%
Others 0.6%
South Carolina 5 John J. Hemphill Democratic 1882 Re-elected John J. Hemphill (D) 74.5%
C. C. Macoy (R) 21.8%
Others 3.7%
South Carolina 6 George W. Dargan Democratic 1882 Re-elected George W. Dargan (D) 74.0%
Edmund H. Deas (R) 23.3%
Others 2.7%
South Carolina 7 Robert Smalls Republican 1884 (special) Re-elected Robert Smalls (R) 63.6%
William Elliott (D) 34.6%
Others 1.8%

See also

Notes

  1. Four states held early elections between June 2 and October 14.
  2. Included 3 Independent Democrats.
  3. Included 1 Independent Republican.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Dubin (p. 271) counts 182 Democrats, 142 Republicans, and 1 Greenback at the start of the 49th United States Congress.
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Includes 1 Independent Democrat, Truman A. Merriman of NY-11.
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 At-large seats eliminated in redistricting.
  7. 7.0 7.1 Greenback Party
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Elections held early.
  9. Changed from at-large.
  10. 10.0 10.1 Independent in previous election.
  11. Readjuster Party

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Martis, pp. 138–139.

Bibliography

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External links