List of stellar streams
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File:Sig07-008.jpg
Stellar streams in the Milky Way, discovered in 2007
This is a list of stellar streams. A stellar stream is an association of stars orbiting a galaxy that was once a globular cluster or dwarf galaxy that has now been torn apart and stretched out along its orbit by tidal forces.
Contents
Local Group streams
Milky Way Galaxy streams
| Name | Origin | Mass (Solar masses) |
Length (light years) |
Composition | Discovery year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arcturus stream | Defunct dwarf galaxy | Unknown | Unknown | Old stars deficient in heavy elements | 1971[2] |
| Cetus Polar Stream | Defunct dwarf galaxy | Unknown | Unknown | Old stars | 2009 [3] |
| Magellanic Stream | Large and Small Magellanic Clouds | 200 million | 1 million | Hydrogen gas | 1972 |
| Sagittarius Stream | Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy | 100 million | 1 million | Wide variety of stars | 1994 |
| Helmi stream | Defunct dwarf galaxy | 10 to 100 million | Several complete loops around the Milky Way | Old stars deficient in heavy elements | 1999 |
| Palomar 5 stream | Globular cluster Palomar 5 | 5,000 | 30,000 | Old stars | 2001 |
| Virgo stream | Defunct dwarf galaxy | 30,000 | 2001 | ||
| Monoceros ring | Canis Major dwarf galaxy | 100 million | 200,000 | Intermediate-age stars | 2002 |
| Anticenter stream | Defunct dwarf galaxy | Unknown | 30,000 | Old stars | 2006 |
| NGC 5466 stream 45 Degree Tidal Stream |
Globular cluster NGC 5466 | 10,000 | 60,000 | Very old stars | 2006[4] |
| Orphan stream | Unknown (hence its name) | Unknown [5] | 20,000 | Old stars | 2006 |
| Acheron stream | Globular cluster | 2007[4][6] | |||
| Cocytus stream | Globular cluster | 2007[4][6] | |||
| Lethe stream | Globular cluster | 2007[6] | |||
| Styx stream | Defunct dwarf galaxy (Possibly Boötes III (dwarf galaxy)) | 2007[4][6] | |||
| Bootes III stream | Embedded in, & possible progenitor of Styx stream | 2007[4][6] | |||
| Aquarius Stream | Defunct dwarf galaxy | Unknown | 30,000 | Old stars | 2010 |
| Lamost 1 | disrupted globular cluster | 21,000 | intermediate age stars | 2015[7] |
Andromeda Galaxy streams
| Name | Origin | Mass (Solar masses) |
Length (light years) |
Composition | Discovery year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M31 Giant stellar stream |
|||||
| Andromeda NE stellar stream[8] |
2004 | ||||
| Tidal Stream Northwest (Tidal Stream E and F)[9] | 2009 | ||||
| Tidal Stream Southwest[9] | 2009 |
Streams beyond the Local Group
| Name | Location | Origin | Mass (Solar masses) |
Length (light years) |
Composition | Characteristics | Discovery year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Young Blue Tidal Stream[10] | NGC 5128 | A gas fragment or a dwarf galaxy |
2002 | ||||
| NGC 4013[11] | former dwarf satellite with low inclination orbit |
large looping structure | 2008 | ||||
| NGC 5907[12] | low-mass satellite accretion | multiple surrounding loops | 2009 | ||||
| NGC 4651[13] | satellite accretion | narrow jet-like structure and surrounding debris shell | 2010 | ||||
| NGC 1055[13] | satellite accretion | box shaped halo pierced by multiple spikes | 2010 | ||||
| NGC 3521[13] | satellite accretion | jet-like structure and surrounding debris shell | 2010 | ||||
| NGC 7531[13] | satellite accretion | surrounding debris shell | 2010 | ||||
| NGC 1084[13] | satellite accretion | three giant disconnected plumes of similar width | 2010 | ||||
| NGC 4216[13] | satellite accretion | ongoing tidal disruption of satellite galaxies seen as long tails extending from the progenitor satellite |
2010 | ||||
| NGC 1055[13] | satellite accretion | clear box shaped inner halo sprinkled with a plethora of coherent spikes | 2010 |
See also
References
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- Astronomy Picture of the Day: NGC 5907
- Astronomy Picture of the Day: NGC 4013
- Astronomy Picture of the Day: NGC 4651
- Astronomy Picture of the Day: NGC 1055
- Astronomy Picture of the Day: NGC 3521
| Morphology | |
|---|---|
| Structure | |
| Active nuclei | |
| Energetic galaxies | |
| Low activity | |
| Interaction | |
| Lists | |
| See also | |
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- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ A New Giant Stellar Structure in the Outer Halo of M31, by Zucker + 19 more, 8 Jan 2004 (retrieved on 15 Apr 2008)
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 New tidal streams found in Andromeda reveal history of galactic mergers
- ↑ A Young Blue Tidal Stream in NGC 5128, Peng, Ford, Freeman, White, 22 Aug 2002, (retrieved on 15 Apr 2009)
- ↑ Discovery of a Giant Stellar Tidal Stream Around the Disk Galaxy NGC 4013, D Martinez-Delgado, M Pohlen, R. Jay Gabany, S. R. Majewski, J Penarrubia, C Palma , 24 Oct 2008
- ↑ Fossils of the Hierarchical formation of the Nearby Spiral Galaxy NGC 5907, D Martinez-Delgado, J Penarrubia , R. Jay Gabany, I Trujillo, S. R. Majewski, M Pohlen, 13 Aug 2009
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 Stellar Tidal Streams in Spiral Galaxies of the Local Volume: A Pilot Survey with Modest Aperture Telescopes, D Martinez-Delgado, R. J. GaBany, K Crawford, S Zibbeti, S. R. Majewski, H Rix, J Fliri, J Carballo-Bello, D. C. Bardalez-Gagliuffi, J Penarrubia, T. R. Chonis, I Trujillo, M Schirmer, D. A. McDavid, 25 March 2010
