List of Hammond organ players
The Hammond organ is an electric organ invented by Laurens Hammond and John M. Hanert.[1] The instrument was first manufactured in 1935[2] and contains two manuals along with a set of bass pedals.[3] A variety of models have been produced; the most popular is the B-3, produced between 1954 and 1974.[4]
The instrument was originally designed to replace the pipe organ in churches, and early adopters included Henry Ford and George Gershwin,[5] but was not a popular replacement for classical music.[6] However, it was used in African American churches, and its use spread to gospel music and then to jazz in the 1950s. After losing popularity in the jazz world in the 1970s, it subsequently regained its use in the genre and has become the second most used keyboard instrument in jazz after the piano.[7] Jimmy Smith popularised the Hammond organ, and its technique of using drawbars and pedals.[8]
Having found success in jazz, the Hammond organ became popular in rhythm and blues, including Booker T & The MGs and other Stax Records artists.[9] From there, it became used in rock music, with users including Ian McLagan, Matthew Fisher, Steve Winwood,[10][11] Mike Finnigan, Gregg Allman[12] and Jon Lord.[13] It became a significant instrument in progressive rock during the early 1970s,[14] and became a featured instrument in ska and reggae.[15] Although the original Hammond Organ Company collapsed, it was purchased by the Suzuki Musical Instrument Corporation who continued to manufacture the instrument using several former staff for research and development.[16] Jazz organists including Joey DeFrancesco and Barbara Dennerlein have continued to feature the Hammond organ in 21st century jazz.[17][18]
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This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
A
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Don Airey | b. 1948 | C-3 A-100 |
Rainbow Ozzy Osbourne Deep Purple[19] |
Used Jon Lord's old C-3 upon joining Deep Purple, but prefers the A-100.[20] | |
100px | Gregg Allman | b. 1946 | B-3 | The Allman Brothers Band | Was given a brand new B-3 and Leslie 122RV when the band was formed.[21] |
100px | Tori Amos | b. 1963 | B-3 | Y Kant Tori Read | Played a Hammond on her 2005 album The Beekeeper.[22] |
100px | Rod Argent | b. 1945 | B-3 | The Zombies Argent[23] |
Solo on 1972 hit single "Hold Your Head Up" cited by Rick Wakeman as "the greatest organ solo ever".[24] |
Brian Auger | b. 1939 | L-100 | Julie Driscoll | Played without a Leslie speaker.[25] |
B
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
100px | Tony Banks | b. 1950 | L-122 T-102 |
Genesis | Bought an L-122 when the band was formed,[26] which was replaced by a T-102.[27] |
100px | Hugh Banton | b. 1949 | E-100 | Van der Graaf Generator | Played a Hammond E-100 organ that he personally modified with customised electronics.[28] |
Graham Bond | 1937–1974 | Don Rendell Quintet Blues Incorporated The Graham Bond Organisation |
An early adopter of the Hammond in the UK, playing it on stage as early as 1962.[29] | ||
James Brown | 1933–2006[30] | ||||
Milt Buckner | 1915–1977 | B3[31] | The Hammond Organ Trio | Pioneered the use of the Hammond organ in jazz.[32] Always played alongside a bass player because he was simply too short to reach the bass pedals.[33] | |
John "Rabbit" Bundrick | b. 1948 | C3 XB-2 |
The Who Free |
Used a Hammond on loan from Pete Townshend when he started touring with The Who. Has since used an XB-2.[34] | |
Jerry Burke | 1911–1965 | Lawrence Welk | Organist for Lawrence Welk from 1934 until his death. Published several volumes of organ arrangements.[35] |
C
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Felix Cavaliere | b. 1942 | The Young Rascals Steven Van Zandt's Little Steven and the Disciples of Soul Ringo Starr's All Star Band[36] |
|||
Elbernita "Twinkie" Clark | b. 1954 | A US gospel singer, composer, musician, and evangelist dubbed "the Queen of the B-3". Has performed in The Clark Sisters and as a solo artist.[37] | |||
Rob Collins | 1965–1996 | The Charlatans[38] | |||
100px | Tom Coster | b. 1941[39] | B-3[40] | Santana John McLaughlin[41] |
|
Vincent Crane | 1943–1989 | C-3 | The Crazy World of Arthur Brown Atomic Rooster[42] |
||
100px | Jesse Crawford | 1895–1962 | A US pianist and organist well known in the 1920s as a theatre organist for silent films. In the 1930s, he switched to the Hammond, and also used the chord organ.[43] |
D
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jackie Davis | 1920–1999 | B-3[44] | |||
Wild Bill Davis | 1918–1995[45] | American jazz pianist, organist, and arranger.[46] | |||
100px | Lenny Dee | 1923–2006 | A B-3 transistor models |
An American pop/easy listening/boogie-woogie/jazz organist whose career spanned six decades and 56 albums; he had a Top 20 hit in 1955 with "Plantation Boogie". Used various tonewheel and transistor Hammonds, and was a strong critic of the company.[47] | |
Joey DeFrancesco | b. 1971 | B-3 | An American jazz organist and trumpeter. Down Beat's 2003 Critics Poll selected him as "top jazz organist". Mentored by Jimmy Smith, he has performed with Miles Davis and John McLaughlin.[48] | ||
100px | 'Papa' John DeFrancesco | b. 1940 | B-3[49] | Father of Joey DeFrancesco. | |
Barbara Dennerlein | b. 1964 | B-3 | Has achieved particular critical acclaim for use of the bass pedals,[17] and mixing the Hammond with samples. Has won the Down Beat "Talent Deserving of Wider Recognition" title five times, and is a three-time recipient of the German Critics Award.[50] | ||
Tyrone Downie | b. 1956 | Bob Marley & The Wailers | Used on "No Woman, No Cry" on the album Live![51] |
E
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Charles Earland | 1941–2000[52][53] | Grover Washington, Jr. | |||
Keith Emerson | b. 1944 | L-100 C-3 |
The Nice Emerson, Lake & Palmer Emerson, Lake & Powell |
Infamously abused an L-100 on stage, sticking knives in the instrument.[54] | |
John Evan | b. 1948 | C-3 | Jethro Tull[55] |
F
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Georgie Fame | b. 1943 | M-100 | Georgie Fame and the Blue Flames | Pioneer of British rhythm and blues through his performances at the Flamingo Club, London in the mid-1960s.[56] | |
100px | Danny Federici | 1950–2008 | B-3 | Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band[57] | |
Mike Finnigan | b. 1945 | Jimi Hendrix[58] | |||
Matthew Fisher | b. 1946 | M-100 | Procol Harum | Co-wrote and recorded A Whiter Shade of Pale.[59] | |
Dan Fogel | b. 1948 | B-3 | |||
Henry Ford | 1863–1947 | A[5] |
G
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mick Gallagher | b. 1945 | C-3 | Ian Dury, The Blockheads, The Animals, Peter Frampton, The Clash[60] | ||
George Gershwin | 1898–1937 | A[5] | |||
100px | Larry Goldings | b. 1968 | B-3[61] | ||
Dave Greenfield | b. 1949 | L-100 | The Stranglers[62] | ||
Dave Greenslade | b. 1943 | Greenslade Colosseum |
Focused on Hammond organ in Greenslade while Dave Lawson played synthesizers.[63] |
H
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
100px | Jon Hammond | Endorsed by Hammond-Suzuki.[64] | |||
100px | Bo Hansson | Between 1967 and 1969, with fellow Swede Janne Carlsson, he released three albums of up-tempo, Hammond organ-based music. The duo became immensely popular in their home country and in Europe.[65] | |||
Atsuko Hashimoto | B-3 with one or two Leslie speakers | Plays in jazz trios with a drummer and either a saxophonist or a guitarist.[66] | |||
Alexander Hawkins | b. 1981 | As part of the trio Decoy.[67] | |||
Isaac Hayes | 1942–2008[68] | B-3 | Stax Records | Used on Hot Buttered Soul.[69] | |
100px | Ken Hensley | b. 1945 | B-3 | Uriah Heep[70] | |
Milt Herth[71] | 1902–1969[72] | ||||
Christopher Holland[73] | Brother of Jools Holland.[74] | ||||
Richard "Groove" Holmes | 1931–1991 | B-3,Concorde[75] | |||
John Hondorp | b. 1964 | A-100/B3/HX3 | Unit Records [76] |
I
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doug Ingle | Iron Butterfly | Started with a Vox organ and later moved to Hammond.[77] |
J
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
100px | Booker T. Jones[78] | b. 1944[79] | M-1 M-3 B-3[80] |
Booker T. & the M.G.'s, Dirty Dozen Brass Band, Stephen Stills, Otis Redding, Drive By Truckers, The Mar-Keys, Rancid | Played an M-3 on the 1962 R&B hit "Green Onions".[78] |
100px | John Paul Jones | b. 1946 | C-3 SK-1 |
Led Zeppelin[81] | English multi-instrumentalist, best known as a bass player |
100px | Lonnie Jordan | b. 1948 | B-3 | War | [82] |
K
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
100px | Tony Kaye | b. 1946[83] | M-100 C-3 |
Yes Badger[84] |
|
Al Kooper | b. 1944[85] | Blood, Sweat and Tears Bob Dylan |
Played a Hammond on Like A Rolling Stone.[86] | ||
Joe Krown | Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown | Played with Brown from 1992 to 2005.[87] |
L
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eddie Layton | 1925–2004 | Promoted the Hammond as a touring demonstrator and played at the Yankee Stadium for years.[88] | |||
Ron Levy[89] | b. 1951 | B-3[90] | |||
Jon Lord | 1941–2012 | C-3 | Deep Purple | Founding member of Deep Purple, played a C-3 through a Marshall amplifier.[13] |
M
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hank Marr[91] | 1927–2004[92] | B-3 X66[93] |
|||
100px | Page McConnell | b. 1963[94] | B-3 | Phish[95] | |
Jack McDuff[96] | 1926–2001 | B-3[97] | Also known as "Brother" Jack McDuff. An early collaborator with George Benson.[98] | ||
Jimmy McGriff[99] | 1936–2008 | B-3 | Bought a B-3 in 1956, having already accomplished several other instruments.[100] | ||
Goldy McJohn | Steppenwolf[101] | ||||
Ron "Pigpen" McKernan | 1945–1973 | B-3 | Grateful Dead | Upgraded from a Vox Continental to a B-3 in 1968.[102] | |
100px | Ian McLagan | 1945-2014[103] | M-100 | Small Faces[10] Faces Rolling Stones)[104] |
|
100px | John Medeski[105] | b. 1965[106] | Medeski Martin & Wood | ||
100px | Lee Michaels[107] | b.1945 | Often played as a duo, with the Hammond covering all sounds except drums.[108] | ||
100px | Money Mark | Beastie Boys[109] | |||
Brent Mydland | 1952–1990[110] | B-3 | Grateful Dead[111] |
N
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
100px | Christopher North | b. 1951 | Ambrosia | North is listed three times on the All Time Hammond Hits list for his Hammond solos on the Ambrosia songs "Holdin On To Yesterday", "Biggest Part of Me" and "You're the Only Woman." [112][113][114]
Keyboard magazine on the make of Biggest Part of Me [115] |
O
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mike Oldfield | b. 1953 | On Tubular Bells,[116] and Tubular Bells II.[117] |
P
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Don Patterson[118] | 1936–1988[119] | ||||
Big John Patton[120] | |||||
Billy Preston | 1946–2006[121] | B-3 | The Beatles[122] The Rolling Stones[121] |
||
Alan Price | b. 1942[123] | The Animals Alan Price Set[124] |
Started off with a Vox Continental organ. |
R
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doug Riley | 1945–2007 | Known as "Doctor Music".[125][126] | |||
Billy Ritchie | 1–2–3 Clouds[127] |
||||
100px | Gregg Rolie | b. 1947[128] | B-3 | Santana Journey[129] |
S
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Merl Saunders | 1934–2008 | Jerry Garcia[130] | |||
100px | Rhoda Scott[131] | ||||
Shirley Scott[132] | 1934–2002 | B-3[133] | |||
Paul Shaffer | b. 1949[134] | B-3 | Blues Brothers David Letterman[135] |
||
Dave Sinclair[136] | b.1947 | A-100 | Caravan[137] | ||
Ethel Smith | 1902[138]-1996[139] | A | Known as the "first lady of the Hammond organ".[140] | ||
Jimmy Smith | 1925–2005 | B-3 | Influential recordings for Blue Note in the late 1950s inspired several organists who became successful in the 1960s and 70s.[8] | ||
Johnny "Hammond" Smith[141] | 1933–1997[142] | B-3[143] | |||
100px | Dr. Lonnie Smith[144] | b. 1942[145] | |||
100px | Mark Stein | B-3 | Vanilla Fudge[146] | ||
Dave Stewart | L-100 | Egg Hatfield and the North National Health Bruford[147] |
T
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
100px | Mick Talbot | Dexy's Midnight Runners Style Council[148] |
|||
100px | James Taylor | C-3 | James Taylor Quartet[149] | ||
Chester Thompson | B-3 | Santana Tower of Power[150] |
V
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earl Van Dyke | 1930–1992[151] | The Funk Brothers | Backed many Motown hits.[152] | ||
100px | Thijs van Leer | b. 1948[153] | L-100 XB-3[154] |
Focus[155] |
W
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rick Wakeman | b. 1949 | L-100 C-3 |
Yes, Strawbs, English Rock Ensemble[156] |
||
Fats Waller | 1904–1943[157] | A | Started his career on pipe organ, then became an early adopter of the Hammond.[158] | ||
Peter Weltner | b. 1952 | New B-3 |
soloist Organ-drums duo[159] |
||
100px | Steve Winwood | b. 1948 | The Spencer Davis Group, Traffic, Blind Faith[160] |
||
Rick Wright | 1943–2008 | M-100 C-3 |
Pink Floyd | Founding member of Pink Floyd, upgraded from a Farfisa Compact Duo to an M-100 on stage in 1970.[161] | |
Klaus Wunderlich[citation needed] | 1931–1997 |
Y
Image | Name | Lifetime | Models played | Associated acts | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Larry Young | 1940–1978 | B-3[162] |
References
- Citations
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- ↑ Welch 1990, p. 73.
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- ↑ All Time Hammond Pop Hits
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- ↑ [5]
- ↑ [6]
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Faragher 2011, p. 338.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ Enstice & Stockhouse 2004, pp. 287–288.
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- ↑ Buckley, P. (ed) (2003), The Rough Guide to Rock, Rough Guides, p.171.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Bogdanov, Woodstra & Erlewine 2002, p. 1173.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Bogdanov, Woodstra & Erlewine 2002, p. 1174.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Faragher 2011, p. 372.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Faragher 2011, p. 361.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Faragher 2011, p. 374.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Bogdanov, Woodstra & Erlewine 2002, p. 1296.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Faragher 2011, p. 381.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Faragher 2011, p. 385.
- Bibliography
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
- Jazz Organ History at www.afana.org: includes a "Genealogy of the Jazz Organ"