James Haldane Stewart Lockhart

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For other people named James Lockhart, see James Lockhart (disambiguation).
Sir James Haldane Stewart Lockhart
Tcitp d782 j h stewart lockhart commissioner at weihaiwei.jpg
Born (1858-05-26)26 May 1858
Ardsheal, Argyllshire, Scotland
Died Script error: The function "death_date_and_age" does not exist.
London, England
Nationality Scot
Alma mater University of Edinburgh
King William's College
Occupation Civil administrator, Sinologist
Known for Registrar and Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong, Commissioner of Weihaiwei

Sir James Haldane Stewart Lockhart KCMG, LLD (26 May 1858 – 26 May 1937) was a British colonial official in Hong Kong and China for more than 40 years. He also was a Sinologist who made pioneering translations. (His name's official Chinese translation is 駱克 (Cantonese: Lok Hak).)

Early life

He was born in Ardsheal, Argyllshire, Scotland to Anna Rebecca Charlotte Stewart and Miles Lockhart of Lismore, Argyll[1] and grandson of James Lockhart. He attended King William's College (1868–72), George Watson's College and the University of Edinburgh and attempted to enter the civil service in British India.[2] Failing to do that, Lockhart took a Colonial Service cadetship in Hong Kong in 1878.[3]

Colonial service in Hong Kong

After joining the Hong Kong Government in 1882, Lockhart rose through the ranks of Hong Kong's civil service, he was Registrar General and Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong, and later became Commissioner of Weihaiwei (1902[4]–1927), the British coastal enclave returned to China in 1930. Lockhart had a more positive relationship with Hong Kong Chinese due to this knowledge of Cantonese and was friends with Ho Kai.[5] Lockhart was made a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong and Executive Council of Hong Kong.

Lockhart founded the Hong Kong Football Club in 1886, situated within the Happy Valley Racecourse. The club now plays host to the Hong Kong 7s tournament.[6]

Sinological service

While they were both training in Hong Kong, Lockhart became friends with Reginald Johnston, who made his reputation while serving in Weihaiwei. Both men devoted great energy to their studies of Chinese language and classical literature, and both published scholarly works. Johnston was also a great emotional support to Lockhart and his family. [7] Johnston later wrote that since Lockhart had a sound training in Greek and Latin at Edinburgh University, he took easily to the study of Chinese, another classical language. The China Review, a journal for scholarly work by China coast foreigners, published Lockhart's early work, which mainly concerned linguistic questions. Lockhart was fluent in Cantonese, Johnston reported, and acquired a working knowledge of Mandarin when he was posted to Weihaiwei.[8]

Lockhart was particularly interested in collecting and studying Chinese coins. His studies of China's historical numismatics resulted in several publications. [9] [10]

Later life

After retiring from the Colonial Service, Lockhart return to Britain. He became an honorary member of the Royal Asiatic Society and member of the School of Oriental Studies at the University of London.[11]

Lockhart was interested in Chinese art and literature, with his own personal collection of the former on display in 1928.[12]

Honours and legacy

His appointment of CMG was signed by Queen Victoria on 21 May 1898, while his appointment of KCMG was signed by King Edward VII on 9 November 1908.[13] He also received an honorary doctorate from the University of Hong Kong.

Lockhart Road (駱克道) in Wan Chai, Hong Kong Island is named after him.

Family

In 1889, he married Edith Louise Rider Hancock and had three children (son Charles Stewart Lockhart, daughter Mary Stewart Stewart Lockhart and daughter Margaret Stewart Lockhart). .[14]

Lockhart returned with his family to England and died in London in 1937.[15]

Notes

  1. ↑ http://sites.google.com/site/joerocksresearchpages/home/historical-timelines/ardsheal-house-appin
  2. ↑ http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/44/4401231.pdf
  3. ↑ R. F. Johnston, "James H. Stewart Lockhart, (Obituary Notice)," The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and IrelandNo. 2 (Apr., 1937), pp. 391-393 [1].
  4. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27403. p. 709. 4 February 1902.
  5. ↑ http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/44/4401231.pdf
  6. ↑ http://www.oocities.org/hkrugby/history.htm
  7. ↑ Airlie (1989), pp. 128-129.
  8. ↑ Lethbridge (1978), p. 146.
  9. ↑ Airlie (1989), p. 72.
  10. ↑ White (1976).
  11. ↑ http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/44/4401231.pdf
  12. ↑ Johnston, "Obituary."
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Airlie (1989), p. 59.
  15. ↑ Johnston, "Obituary."

Selected publications

  • Jun Qiu and James H. Stewart Lockhart (1903). A Manual of Chinese Quotations, Being a Translation of the Ch'êng Yü K'ao. Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh. Google Book [2]
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References

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  • "Sir James Haldane Stewart Lockhart: Colonial Civil Servant and Scholar," Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Government offices
Preceded by Registrar-General of Hong Kong
1887–1901		 Succeeded by
Arthur Winbolt Brewin
Preceded by Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong
1895–1902		 Succeeded by
Sir Francis Henry May
Preceded by Commissioner of Weihaiwei
1902–1921		 Succeeded by
Arthur Powlett Blunt
Political offices
Preceded by
Samuel Brown
 President of the Sanitary Board
1891–1895		 Succeeded by
Francis Alfred Cooper
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