Eudaminae

Eudaminae
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Brown Longtail, Urbanus procne
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
(unranked):	Rhopalocera
Superfamily:	Hesperioidea
Family:	Hesperiidae
Subfamily:	Eudaminae Mabille, 1877
Diversity
About 55 genera
Synonyms
Eudamini

The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family Hesperiidae). Their original type genus Eudamus is today a junior synonym of Urbanus. They are largely found in the Neotropics, with some extending into temperate North America and the puzzling Lobocla (which seems closest to Zestusa) occurring in East Asia.

File:Eudaminae.jpg

Typical resting positions

They were formerly included in subfamily Pyrginae (spread-winged skippers) as a tribe Eudamini. This was mainly due to a perceived similarity with the pyrgine tribes Celaenorrhini and Pyrgini, where certain eudamine genera were indeed sometimes placed. But in reality, these genera seem to be quite closely related to Dyscophellus, and the two lineages of moderately advanced skippers are quite distinct.

Genera

The following 55 genera are placed in the Eudaminae in their delimitation as distinct subfamily. In phylogenetic sequence, they are:

• Chioides
• Proteides
• Spathilepia
• Thorybes
• Achalarus
• Autochton
• Urbanus (paraphyletic?)
• Astraptes
• Narcosius
• Cabares
• Aguna
• Codatractus
• Typhedanus
• Lobocla (formerly in Celaenorrhini)
• Zestusa
• Calliades
• Drephalys
• Udranomia
• Hyalothyrus
• Augiades
• Cabirus
• Entheus
• Phanus
• Phareas

• Tarsoctenus
• Bungalotis
• Nicephellus
• Salatis
• Ocyba
• Porphyrogenes
• Oileides
• Aurina
• Sarmientola Berg, 1897
• Polygonus
• Telemiades (formerly in Pyrgini)
• Phocides
• Hypocryptothrix
• Nascus
• Pseudonascus
• Dyscophellus
• Euriphellus
• Cogia (formerly in Pyrgini)
• Paracogia (formerly in Pyrgini)
• Marela (formerly in Pyrgini)
• Oechydrus (formerly in Pyrgini)
• Nerula (formerly in Pyrgini)
• Venada

Some genera are of unresolved relationships. Presumably, at least most of them are indeed Eudamini, but it cannot be ruled out that some belong elsewhere in the Hesperiidae:

• Cephise
• Chrysoplectrum
• Ectomis (formerly in Pyrgini)
• Epargyreus
• Heronia
• Polythrix
• Ridens
• Thessia

References

• Brower, Andrew V.Z. & Warren, Andrew (2009): Tree of Life Web Project – Eudaminae. Version of 2009-JUN-11. Retrieved 2009-DEC-24.