EWTN Global Catholic Network

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Eternal Word Television Network
225px
Launched August 15, 1981
Owned by Eternal Word Television Network, Inc.
Picture format 480i (SDTV)
1080i (HDTV)
Country United States
Canada
Language English
Broadcast area Nationwide
Headquarters Irondale, Alabama
Website EWTN.com
Availability
Terrestrial
WEWN Shortwave radio frequencies
Satellite
DirecTV (US) Channel 370
Dish Network (US) Channel 261
Shaw Direct (CA) Channel 559
Optus D2 (152°E) 12519 MHz V 22500[1]
AsiaSat 5 (100.5°E) 3700 MHz V 30000
Intelsat 19 (166°E) 3940 MHz H 27690[1]
Intelsat 20 (68.5°E) 4064 MHz H 19850[2]
Cable
Southern Fibernet (US) Channel 1555 (HD)
Channel 155 (SD)
Bright House Networks (US) Channel 70
Sky Italia Channel 965
Sky UK Channel 589
First Media (ID) Channel 29[3]
BiG TV (ID) Channel 617
Satellite radio
Sirius Satellite Radio Channel 130
Streaming media
Digital media receiver Roku

The EWTN Global Catholic Network (Eternal Word Television Network - Global Catholic Network) is an American television network which presents around-the-clock Catholic-themed programming. It was founded by Mother Mary Angelica of the Annunciation, PCPA in 1980 and began broadcasting on August 15, 1981,[citation needed] from a garage studio at the Our Lady of the Angels Monastery in Irondale, Alabama, which Mother Angelica founded in 1962.[citation needed] She hosted her own show, Mother Angelica Live until suffering a major stroke and other health issues in September 2001.[4] Repeats now air as either the Best of Mother Angelica Live or Mother Angelica Live Classics. She now leads a cloistered life at the Shrine of the Most Blessed Sacrament in Hanceville, Alabama.

The network, through diocesan television channels in other Catholic countries, advertises itself as the EWTN: The Global Catholic Network. Regular programs include a daily Holy Mass and sometimes Tridentine Mass format, the traditional Stations of the Cross, a taped daily recitation of the Rosary, and daily and weekly news, discussion, and Catechetical programs for both adults and children. Christmas and Easter programming; the installation Masses of bishops and cardinals; coverage of World Youth Days; and papal visits, deaths, funerals, conclaves, and elections are also presented. EWTN also has a presence on satellite[5] and shortwave radio.[6] Spanish language broadcasts are available on all platforms.[7] On December 8, 2009, EWTN began broadcasting in high-definition.[8]

EWTN has occasionally been the subject of criticism for its social, political and theological positions regarding the tone and presentation of Catholic doctrine. The network's current chairman of the board and chief executive officer is Michael P. Warsaw.[9] While the network has trustees, it does not have shareholders or owners. A majority of the network's funding is from viewer donations to which it advertises 100% viewer supported, which keeps it from advertising secular or non-Catholic programming. Its traditional plea for donations is "Keep us between your gas and electric bill".[10][11]

The EWTN network also contributes in the publication of the National Catholic Register newspaper, which was acquired in January 2011.[12] The network maintains a web presence through its primary website, EWTN.com, and it also has a dedicated commerce site, EWTNReligiousCatalogue.com.[13]

Development of EWTN

EWTN's main studio in Irondale, Alabama.

Mother Angelica made her profession of vows in 1953. In 1962, she established the Our Lady of the Angels monastery. During the 1970s, she was an in-demand lecturer and produced educational pamphlets and audio and video tapes. She had been a guest on local station WBMG (currently WIAT, Channel 42), and on shows on the Christian Broadcasting Network and the Trinity Broadcasting Network. After she gave an interview on then-Christian station WCFC (Channel 38) in Chicago, she decided she wanted her own network. "I walked in, and it was just a little studio, and I remember standing in the doorway and thinking, 'It doesn't take much to reach the masses'. I just stood there and said to the Lord, 'Lord, I've got to have one of these'".[14]

Mother Angelica purchased satellite space and EWTN began broadcasting on August 15, 1981, with four hours of daily programming, which included her own show, Mother Angelica Live (aired bi-weekly), a Sunday Mass, and reruns of older Catholic programs such as Archbishop Fulton J. Sheen's Life Is Worth Living. The remainder of the time was filled with shows produced by dioceses across the country, shows from Protestant sources which Mother Angelica determined were in concert with Catholic teachings, and children's shows such as Joy Junction and The Sunshine Factory. About one-third of programming time consisted of secular content, such as re-runs of The Bill Cosby Show, public domain films, and cooking and western-themed shows. EWTN eventually increased its broadcast schedule to six hours per day and then to eight hours per day by 1986. Secular content was gradually reduced from 1986 to 1988, and satellite distribution was expanded late in 1987, after which EWTN acquired a far more desirable satellite channel and began broadcasting around the clock. At this point, EWTN began broadcasting the praying of the rosary on a daily basis and added a number of educational shows. In-house production of original programming gradually increased. The Mass became televised daily in 1991 from a chapel on the monastery grounds. Most shows from non-Catholic sources were eliminated and a more theological image gradually developed.

Radio

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Main article: WEWN

In 1992, EWTN established the largest privately owned shortwave radio station, WEWN, in the Birmingham area.[citation needed]

In 1999, programs included "Mother Angelica Live" and "Life Is Worth Living" with Archbishop Fulton J. Sheen. WGSN in North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina was an affiliate.[15] Current radio programs include "Open Line" in which callers can get answers about the Catholic Faith.

In 2004, EWTN announced an agreement with Sirius Satellite Radio which has since merged with XM Radio to become Sirius XM Radio.

Newspapers

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Main article: National Catholic Register

In January 2011, EWTN acquired the National Catholic Register, a newspaper founded in Denver, Colorado in 1924 as a periodical for local Catholics and which became a national publication three years later. EWTN officially assumed total control on February 1.[12]

News coverage

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The EWTN news department produces a daily news service for television and radio, featuring news sources including Vatican Radio. They also produce The World Over Live, which covers relevant current events. It is hosted by journalist and author Raymond Arroyo, who is also EWTN's news director. The program is conservative in its political orientation and generally conservative in its religious orientation. Notable guests have included Robert Rector of the Heritage Foundation, author and activist George Weigel, political commentator Laura Ingraham, conservative political commentator Pat Buchanan, and the late columnist and commentator Robert Novak, a Jewish convert to Catholicism.

History of programming

In its early history, EWTN broadcast Catholic-produced programming from a wide variety of Catholic sources. This ranged from Catholic charismatic programming such as Fr. Michael Manning, to shows focusing on social reform and social justice, such as Christopher Closeup, to doctrinal teaching shows hosted by various clergy.

In the early 1990s, EWTN began producing more of its own shows. This marked a distinctive conservative shift in the network's overall orientation, with programs featuring topics on social reform and justice gradually being phased out and replaced with general doctrinal teaching and discussion programs. This shift was apparent in the daily televised Masses, which, in 1992, began incorporating Latin into the liturgy and gradually no longer featured contemporary music. Some non-televised Masses are in all English and some have more contemporary music. On Christmas Eve 1993, Mother Angelica and the nuns of her order reverted to traditional habits. From 1992 on, the Latin portions of the Mass included the Gloria, introduction of the Gospel readings, the Sanctus, and the rest of the mass after the Great Amen, beginning with the Lord's Prayer.

Among its notable weekly programs are The Journey Home and Life on the Rock. The Journey Home, hosted by Marcus Grodi, is aimed at converts to the Catholic faith. Grodi himself is a former Presbyterian minister who converted to Catholicism in 1992.[16] Although most guests are former Protestants, former adherents of non-Christian faiths (such as Judaism) and former atheists have occasionally appeared. Life on the Rock is hosted by Fr. Mark Mary, MFVA and Doug Barry.

EWTN HD, a high definition simulcast of EWTN, became available to affiliates on December 8, 2009. President and CEO Michael P. Warsaw said "We chose to launch HD in December so we could bring our viewers all the beautiful images of the Christmas season using the most advanced technology. We are proud to say that we are the only Catholic television network available in this format."[17] The HD feed first became available to Comcast customers in Richmond, VA and vicinity on May 11, 2010.[18]

In October 2011, EWTN became available through the Roku streaming player. The player provides six live channels of EWTN for free (including English, Spanish and German languages), allowing users to watch the channel on their television. In addition, select EWTN programs can be viewed as a video on demand option as well as a live feed of EWTN Radio is available.[19]

Often, EWTN airs special programming: holiday-specific programs as well as coverage the deaths of popes; papal conclaves, elections, inaugurations and visits; Easter, Christmas Eve and Christmas Day Masses; the installations of bishops, archbishops, and cardinals; and World Youth Day.

Criticisms

Controversies and disputes

In a 1993 episode of Mother Angelica Live, Mother Angelica harshly criticized a mimed re-enactment of the Stations of the Cross at the World Youth Day in Denver, Colorado, which was attended by Pope John Paul II. Mother Angelica was particularly upset that a woman was playing Jesus. Archbishop Rembert Weakland of the Archdiocese of Milwaukee called Mother Angelica's comments "...one of the most disgraceful, un-Christian, offensive, and divisive diatribes I have ever heard".[20] Mother Angelica responded by saying, "He didn't think a woman playing Jesus was offensive? He can go put his head in the back toilet as far as I am concerned!"[20]

In 1997, Mother Angelica publicly criticized Cardinal Roger Mahony, then the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles, for his pastoral letter on the Eucharist called "Gather Faithfully Together: A Guide for Sunday Mass", which she perceived had a lack of emphasis on transubstantiation:[21] "I'm afraid my obedience in that diocese would be absolutely zero. And I hope everybody else's in that diocese is zero".[22] Cardinal Mahony regarded her comments as accusing him of heresy.[23] Mother Angelica later issued a conditional apology for her comments.

In 1999, Bishop David Foley of the diocese of Birmingham, Alabama issued a decree prohibiting priests in his diocese from celebrating Mass ad orientem (which literally means "to the east", but in this case means with the priest and the people facing to the tabernacle so that the people do not view the face of the priest) under most circumstances.[24] Although the decree did not specifically mention EWTN, the wording of the decree, which stated that "...any Mass that is or will be televised for broadcast or videotaped for public dissemination", supporters and critics alike generally agreed that the decree was written with EWTN specifically in mind. Bishop Foley stated that the practice of having the priest's back to the people "amounts to making a political statement and is dividing the people."[24]

On January 1, 2006, a book critical of EWTN, EWTN: A Network Gone Wrong by Christopher Ferrara, was published. The book claimed that EWTN was firmly embracing a pre Vatican II Catholicism along with Mother Angelica. The book further claims that once Mother Angelica ended her daily involvement with EWTN the network became "Modernist" and pro Novus Ordo. According to the book's promotional website, "Basing itself on extensive evidence taken from EWTN's own content, and comparing that content to the perennial belief and practice of the Church, the book shows that EWTN's 'moderately Modernist' version of the Faith is precisely what St. Pius X had in view when he condemned Modernism in all its forms, including what His Holiness called 'the Modernist as reformer'."

Papal Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice Award

In 2000, Archbishop Roberto González Nieves of San Juan, Puerto Rico performed an apostolic visitation of EWTN. There is some dispute whether the visitation was valid since the United States is not under the jurisdiction of Puerto Rico. Nieves determined that there were three distinct problems: the actual ownership of the network, the monastery's right to give property to EWTN, and, since she had never been elected, the legitimacy of Mother Angelica's authority.[25]

Subsequently the matter was resolved when, in 2009, EWTN was given the Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice directly by the Holy See. This award was given to Mother Angelica and the EWTN leadership as an expression of gratitude for their service to the Church.[26]

Viewership statistics

EWTN is the largest religious media network in the world. As of 2015, its programming reached more than 250 million homes in 140 countries and territories.[27] The organization's revenues were $46,086,481 million in 2013.[28]

List of EWTN programs

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  • EWTN News Nightly, on Mondays through Fridays
  • The Journey Home - Marcus Grodi, on Mondays
  • Threshold of Hope - Fr. Mitch Pacwa S.J., on Tuesdays
  • EWTN Live - Fr. Mitch Pacwa, S.J., on Wednesdays
  • The World Over Live - Raymond Arroyo, on Thursdays
  • Life on the Rock with Fr. Mark Mary and Doug Barry, on Fridays
  • The Daily Mass, on daily mornings
  • Sunday Mass, on Sunday mornings
  • Benedictions and Devotions, on Sundays
  • The Holy Rosary with Mother Angelica
  • The Holy Rosary in the Holy Land
  • Web of Faith - Fr. John Trigilio & Fr. Robert Levis,
  • Sunday Night Prime with Fr. Andrew Apostoli, CSSR, on Sunday Nights
  • EWTN Bookmark - with Doug Keck
  • Mother Angelica Live Classics
  • EWTN Religious Catalogue
  • Angel Force - With the LaHood Family
  • The Knights of St. Michael- With the LaHood family.
  • My Little Angels
  • We Are Catholic
  • My Catholic Family
  • The Carpenter's Shop
  • Adventures in Odyssey
  • The Joy of Music, starring concert organist Diane Bish
  • Pope Fiction - Patrick Madrid
  • Christ in the City with Fr. George Rutler
  • Pequeño Jesús
  • Now That We Are Catholic
  • Jesus Christ - True God/True Man - Raymond D'Souza
  • G. K. Chesterton: Apostle of Common Sense - Dale Ahlquist
  • Household of Faith - Kristine Franklin & Rosalind Moss
  • The Abundant Life - Johnette Benkovic
  • Does The Church Still Teach This? - Fr. Shannon Collins FME
  • Catholics Coming Home - Msgr. Frank E. Bognanno
  • Defending Life - Fr. Frank Pavone and Janet Morana
  • Forgotten Heritage - with Fr. Owen Gorman and Fr. John Hogan
  • Catholicism on Campus - with Msgr. Stuart Swetland
  • Finding God Through Faith and Reason - with Fr. Robert Spitzer, S.J., PhD
  • The Pure Life - with Jason and Crystallina Evert
  • Crash Course in Catholicism - with Fr. John Trigilio and Fr. Ken Brighenti
  • The Quest for Shakespeare - Joseph Pearce
  • Reasons For Our Hope - Rosalind Moss
  • Council of Faith: The Documents of Vatican II - Fr. John Trigilio
  • Council of Faith: The Post-Consiliar Documents - Fr. John Trigilio
  • Super Saints - hosted by Bob and Penny Lord[29]
  • The Friar
  • Genesis to Jesus - with Scott Hahn and Rob Corzine

See also

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References

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  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ According to Father Andrew Apostoli, TV host of EWTN: Sunday Night Prime, the saying is derived from the practice of Mother Angelica asking Jesus Christ for financial help, by placing a letter of request between the gas and electric bill (sometimes Gas and Telephone bill). The saying was later adopted for benefactors who donate to EWTN, in response to propagating its ministry.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Toby Eddings, "Time to get back on the 'Soul Train'," The Sun News, May 30, 1999.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ EWTN Plans HD Launch In December - Global Catholic Net Says Feed Will Be Available to Affiliates Dec. 8 Multichannel News, October 20, 2009
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Another EWTN First: Catholic Network To Launch on Roku Retrieved October 19, 2011
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ St. Thomas Aquinas Archived January 9, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ↑ Margaret O'Brien Steinfels Liturgical confusion-criticism over a pastoral letter Editorial, Commonweal, January 30, 1998
  23. ↑ John L. Allen, Jr. Mahony sees nun's critique as heresy charge-Cardinal Roger Mahony; dispute with televangelist Mother M. Angelica, National Catholic Reporter, Dec 5, 1997.[dead link]
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 John L. Allen, Jr. EWTN's bishop says priests must face the people-Eternal Word Television Network-Brief Article, National Catholic Reporter November 19, 1999.[dead link]
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  26. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  27. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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