Beryllium sulfate
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Identifiers | |
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13510-49-1 [???] 7787-56-6 (tetrahydrate) |
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ChEBI | CHEBI:53473 |
ChemSpider | 24291 |
EC Number | 236-842-2 |
Jmol 3D model | Interactive image |
PubChem | 26077 |
RTECS number | DS4800000 |
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Properties[1] | |
BeSO4 | |
Molar mass | 105.075 g/mol (anhydrous) 177.136 g/mol (tetrahydrate) |
Appearance | white solid |
Odor | odorless |
Density | 2.44 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 1.71 g/cm3 (tetrahydrate) |
Melting point | 110 °C (230 °F; 383 K) (tetrahydrate, −2H2O) 400 °C (dihydrate, dehydr.) 550–600 decomposes |
Boiling point | 2,500 °C (4,530 °F; 2,770 K) (anhydrate) 580 °C (tetrahydrate) |
36.2 g/100 mL (0 °C) 40.0 g/100 mL (20 °C) 54.3 g/100 mL (60 °C) |
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Solubility | insoluble in alcohol |
Refractive index (nD)
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1.4374 (tetrahydrate) |
Thermochemistry | |
Std molar
entropy (S |
90 J/mol K |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
-1197 kJ/mol |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG˚)
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-1088 kJ/mol |
Vapor pressure | {{{value}}} |
Related compounds | |
Other cations
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Magnesium sulfate Calcium sulfate Strontium sulfate Barium sulfate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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verify (what is ?) | |
Infobox references | |
Beryllium sulfate normally encountered as the tetrahydrate, BeSO4·4H2O is a white crystalline solid. It was first isolated in 1815 by Jons Jakob Berzelius.[2]
Beryllium sulfate may be prepared by treating an aqueous solution of any beryllium salt with sulfuric acid, followed by evaporation of the solution and crystallization. The hydrated product may be converted to anhydrous salt by heating at 400 °C.[3] The tetrahydrate contains a tetrahedral Be(OH2)42+ unit and sulfate anions. The small size of the Be2+ cation determines the number of water molecules that can be coordinated. This contrasts with the analogous magnesium salt, MgSO4·6H2O which contains an octahedral Mg(OH2)62+ unit.[4]
The anhydrous compound has a structure similar to that of berlinite. The structure contains alternating tetrahedrally coordinated Be and S and each oxygen is 2 coordinate (Be-O-S). The Be-O distance is 156 pm and the S-O distance is 150 pm.[5]
A mixture of beryllium and radium sulfate was used as the neutron source in the discovery of nuclear fission.
References
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found..
- ↑ Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN 0-19-855370-6
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
- International Chemical Safety Card 1351
- IARC Monograph "Beryllium and Beryllium Compounds"
- IPCS Health & Safety Guide 44
- IPCS Environmental Health Criteria 106: Beryllium
- IPCS CICAD 32
Salts and the ester of the sulfate ion | |||||||||||||||||||
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H2SO4 | He | ||||||||||||||||||
Li2SO4 | BeSO4 | B | (RO)2SO3 | (NH4)2SO4 N2H6SO4 (NH3OH)2SO4 |
O | F | Ne | ||||||||||||
Na2SO4 NaHSO4 |
MgSO4 | Al2(SO4)3 | Si | P | SO42− | Cl | Ar | ||||||||||||
K2SO4 KHSO4 |
CaSO4 | Sc2(SO4)3 | Ti(SO4)2 TiOSO4 |
V2(SO4)3 VOSO4 |
CrSO4 Cr2(SO4)3 |
MnSO4 | FeSO4 Fe2(SO4)3 |
CoSO4, Co2(SO4)3 |
NiSO4 | CuSO4 | ZnSO4 | Ga2(SO4)3 | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr | ||
Rb2SO4 | SrSO4 | Y2(SO4)3 | Zr(SO4)2 | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | PdSO4 | Ag2SO4 | CdSO4 | In2(SO4)3 | SnSO4 | Sb2(SO4)3 | Te | I | Xe | ||
Cs2SO4 | BaSO4 | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg2SO4, HgSO4 |
Tl2SO4 | PbSO4 | Bi2(SO4)3 | Po | At | Rn | |||
Fr | Ra | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Uut | Fl | Uup | Lv | Uus | Uuo | |||
↓ | |||||||||||||||||||
La | Ce2(SO4)3 Ce(SO4)2 |
Pr2(SO4)3 | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb2(SO4)3 | Lu | |||||
Ac | Th | Pa | U(SO4)2 UO2SO4 |
Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |