Writers Guild of America, West
| File:Writers Guild of America West logo.png | |
| Full name | Writers Guild of America, West |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1954 |
| Members | 9,081 (full members) 12,081 (other members) (2014)[1] |
| Affiliation | International Affiliation of Writers Guilds |
| Key people |
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| Office location | Los Angeles, California |
| Country | United States |
| Website | www |
The Writers Guild of America, West (WGAW) is a labor union representing film, television, radio, and new media writers. It was formed in 1954 from five organizations representing writers, including the Screen Writers Guild. It has around 20,000 members.[1][2]
Contents
History
The Screen Writers Guild (SWG) was formed in 1921 by a group of ten screenwriters in Hollywood angered over wage reductions announced by the major film studios. The group affiliated with the Authors Guild in 1933 and began representing TV writers in 1948. In 1954, the SWG was one of five groups who merged to represent professional writers on both coasts and became the Writers Guild of America, East (WGAe) and West (WGAw). Howard J. Green and John Howard Lawson were the first two presidents during the SWG era.[4] Daniel Taradash was president of the WGAw from 1977 to 1979.
In 1952, the Guild authorized movie studios to delete onscreen credits for any writers who had not been cleared by Congress, as part of the industry's blacklisting of writers with alleged Communist or leftist leanings or affiliations.
From March to August 1988, WGAw members were on strike against the major American television networks in a dispute over residuals from repeat airings and foreign/home video use of scripted shows and made-for-TV movies. The 22-week strike crippled American broadcast television and drove millions of viewers, disgusted with the lack of new scripted programming, to cable channels and home video, a blow to ratings and revenues from which, some industry watchers argue, the networks have never fully recovered.[5]
In 2004, Victoria Riskin resigned as WGAw President after being accused by her opponent Eric Hughes during the 2003 election of using a sham writing contract to maintain her membership status.[1] She was replaced by vice-president Charles Holland, who resigned a few weeks later when questions arose about statements he had made about his college football career and his claim of having secretly served in combat as a Green Beret, a claim his army records did not support.[2] After Riskin's resignation, the U.S. Department of Labor investigated the sham contract and concluded that Riskin was indeed ineligible to run.[3] The WGAw entered into a settlement by offering to re-run the election under DOL supervision. A new election was held in September 2004 between Eric Hughes and Daniel Petrie, Jr. which Petrie won.
Reality united
In June 2005, WGAw started a "reality rights" campaign to allow writers of reality television shows to qualify for guild rights and benefits.[6] The union maintained that the storytellers who conceive the tests and confrontations on such shows were bona fide writers.[7] The Guild also expressed concern the 1988 strike showed that lack of representation in the genre would weaken their future bargaining position.[8] Studio executives maintained that these employees were primarily editors, not writers, and that the shows needed to appear to be unscripted in order for viewers to feel they were "real."[9]
As part of this campaign, on September 20, 2006 the WGAw held a Los Angeles unity rally in support of the "America's Next Top Model" writers' strike. President Patric Verrone said, "Every piece of media with a moving image on a screen or a recorded voice must have a writer, and every writer must have a WGA contract."[10]
On November 6, 2006, the WGAw filed an unfair labor practice complaint with the National Labor Relations Board after "Top Model" producers said the show's next season would be produced using a new system that would not require writers. In response, Verrone said, "as they demanded union representation, the company decided they were expendable. This is illegal strikebreaking."[11]
2007–08 strike
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On November 2, 2007, the Guild again went on strike, this time over writers' share of revenues from DVD releases and from Internet, cellphone shows, and other new media uses of programs and films written by members. The strike vote followed the expiration of the guild's contract with the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers.[12]
Governance
The WGAw is governed by its membership. Elections for a board of directors are held annually by secret mail-in ballot. Half of the board is elected each year to a two-year term of office, and a board member may not serve more than four consecutive terms. Following its 2009 elections, the officers are:[13]
- President: Christopher Keyser
- Vice President: Howard A. Rodman
- Secretary-Treasurer: Carl Gottlieb
- Board of Directors: John Aboud, Scott Alexander, Alfredo Barrios, Jr., Linda Burstyn, Marjorie David, Ian Deitchman, Carleton Eastlake, Katherine Fugate, David Goodman, David S. Goyer, Chip Johannessen, Kathy Kiernan, Michael Oates Palmer, Billy Ray, Thania St. John, Dan Wilcox
David Young is employed as the Guild's executive director and Tony Segall is general counsel. Young served as the Guild's chief negotiator during the 2007 contract negotiations and subsequent 100-day strike.
According to WGAw's Department of Labor records since 2006, over half of the guild's total membership is ineligible to vote, comprising the guild's "post current," "emeritus," and "associate" members.[3]
Magazine
The WGAw has published its official publication, the journal Written By, which it describes as "the magazine of America's Storytellers", six times a year since 1997.
See also
- Writers Guild of America, East (WGAE)
- International Affiliation of Writers Guilds (IAWG)
- Writers Guild of America Award
- 1960 Writers Guild of America strike
- 1988 Writers Guild of America strike
- 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike
- WGA screenwriting credit system
- WGA script registration service
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 US Department of Labor, Office of Labor-Management Standards. File number 000-078. Report submitted June 27, 2014.
- ↑ WGAW Annual Report to Writers
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 US Department of Labor, Office of Labor-Management Standards. File number 000-078. (Search)
- ↑ WGAw website historical timeline
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