Phytophotodermatitis
Phytophotodermatitis | |
---|---|
![]() Phytophotodermatitis caused by Lime
|
|
Classification and external resources | |
Specialty | Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 446: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
ICD-10 | L56.2 |
DiseasesDB | 31395 |
Patient UK | Phytophotodermatitis |
Phytophotodermatitis, also known as "Lime Disease" (not to be confused with Lyme Disease),[1] "Berloque dermatitis",[2] or "Margarita photodermatitis"[3][4] is a chemical reaction which makes skin hypersensitive to ultraviolet light. It is frequently mistaken for hereditary conditions such as atopic dermatitis or chemical burns, but it is caused by contact with the photosensitizing compounds found naturally in some plants and vegetables like parsnips, citrus fruits, and more. Symptoms can be burning, itching, stinging, and large blisters that slowly accumulate over time.[5]
Symptoms
The symptoms are equivalent to photodermatitis, but vary in severity. The skin condition is a cutaneous phototoxic inflammatory eruption resulting from contact with light-sensitizing botanical substances—particularly from the plant families Umbelliferae, Rutaceae, Moraceae, and Leguminosae—and ultraviolet light, typically from sun exposure. Phytophotodermatitis usually results in hyperpigmentation of the skin that often appears like a bruise. This may be accompanied by blisters or burning. The reaction typically begins within 24 hours of exposure and peaks at 48–72 hours after the exposure.[6]
Phytophotodermatitis can affect people of any age. Because of the bruise-like appearance that is usually in the shape of handprints or fingerprints, it can be mistaken in children for child abuse.[7]
Common causes
- Apiaceae
- Wild parsnip, parsley, celery, common hogweed, giant hogweed[8][9][10]
- Carrot[11] and wild carrot[6]
- Notobubon galbanum (previously known by the synonym Peucedanum galbanum),[12] a South African plant also known as "blister bush", "hog's fennel", or locally in Afrikaans as bergseldery (i.e. "mountain celery")[13]
- Rutaceae
- Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which can infect celery[19]
- Fig, its latex contains various furocoumarin isomers such as 8-methoxypsoralen, which induce allergic photodermatitis[8][20][21]
Treatment
Phytophotodermatitis can be prevented by staying indoors after handling the above substances. However, the primary triggering mechanism is UV-A radiation (320-380 nm) which windows are not guaranteed to filter out.
Many different topical and oral medications can be used to treat the inflammatory reaction of phytophotodermatitis. A dermatologist may also prescribe a bleaching cream to help treat the hyperpigmentation and return the skin pigmentation back to normal. If they do not receive treatment, the affected sites may develop permanent hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation.[6]
See also
- List of cutaneous conditions
- Psoralen
- Photosensitivity in humans
- Stinging plant, plants with hairs that inject poisons
References
![]() |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to [[commons:Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).]]. |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Phytophotodermatitis at eMedicine
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Photocontact dermatitis. DermNet NZ[unreliable medical source?]
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Giant Hogweed phytophotodermatitis GPnotebook login required[unreliable medical source?]
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ (accessed 19th December 2015)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ allergy to latex, including fig latex http://www.medic8.com/healthguide/allergies/latex-allergies/symptoms-latex-allergy.html