Diagram[nb 1] |
Parliament
Election[1][2]
Sessions[3] |
Duration
(from return of the writs to dissolution)[4] |
Government |
Opposition |
Governing Party[2][5]
• Prime Minister[2][6]—Ministry[2][5][7] |
House seat count as of election[2][8]
Senate seat count as of election[9] |
Official Opposition Party[10]
• Leader of the Opposition[10] |
Third Parties with official party status |
|
1st Canadian Parliament
Elected 1867
5 sessions |
Sep 24, 1867
–
Jul 8, 1872 |
Conservative Party
• Sir John A. Macdonald—1st Ministry |
100 of 180 House seats[nb 2] |
none |
• Liberal Party
• Anti-Confederation Party |
|
2nd Canadian Parliament
Elected 1872
2 sessions |
Sep 3, 1872
–
Jan 2, 1874 |
Conservative Party (1872–1873)
• Sir John A. Macdonald—1st Ministry |
99 of 200 House seats[nb 3]
|
Liberal Party
• Alexander Mackenzie |
none |
Liberal Party (1873–1874)[nb 4]
• Alexander Mackenzie—2nd Ministry |
95 of 200 House seats (minority) |
Conservative Party
• Sir John A. Macdonald |
|
3rd Canadian Parliament
Elected 1874
5 sessions |
Feb 21, 1874
–
Aug 16, 1878 |
Liberal Party
• Alexander Mackenzie—2nd Ministry |
129 of 206 House seats |
Conservative Party
• Sir John A. Macdonald |
none |
|
4th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1878
4 sessions |
Nov 21, 1878
–
May 18, 1882 |
Conservative Party
• Sir John A. Macdonald—3rd Ministry |
134 of 206 House seats |
Liberal Party
• Alexander Mackenzie (1878–1880)
• Edward Blake (1880–1882) |
none |
75px |
5th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1882
4 sessions |
Aug 7, 1882
–
Jan 15, 1887 |
Conservative Party
• Sir John A. Macdonald—3rd Ministry |
133 of 211 House seats |
Liberal Party
• Edward Blake |
none |
75px |
6th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1887
4 sessions |
Apr 13, 1887
–
Feb 3, 1891 |
Conservative Party
• Sir John A. Macdonald—3rd Ministry |
122 of 215 House seats |
Liberal Party
• Edward Blake (1887)
• Wilfrid Laurier (1887–1896) |
none |
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7th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1891
6 sessions |
Apr 7, 1891
–
Apr 24, 1896 |
Conservative Party
• Sir John A. Macdonald—3rd Ministry (1891)
• Sir John Abbott—4th Ministry (1891–1892)
• Sir John Thompson—5th Ministry (1892–1894)
• Sir Mackenzie Bowell—6th Ministry (1894–1896)[nb 5] |
117 of 215 House seats |
Liberal Party
• Wilfrid Laurier |
none |
|
8th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1896
5 sessions |
Jul 13, 1896
–
Oct 9, 1900 |
Liberal Party
• Sir Wilfrid Laurier—8th Ministry |
117 of 213 House seats |
Conservative Party
• Sir Charles Tupper |
none |
75px |
9th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1900
4 sessions |
Dec 5, 1900
–
Sep 29, 1904 |
Liberal Party
• Sir Wilfrid Laurier—8th Ministry |
128 of 213 House seats |
Conservative Party
• Robert Borden |
none |
|
10th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1904
4 sessions |
Dec 15, 1904
–
Sep 17, 1908 |
Liberal Party
• Sir Wilfrid Laurier—8th Ministry |
137 of 214 House seats |
Conservative Party
• Robert Borden |
none |
75px |
11th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1908
3 sessions |
Dec 3, 1908
–
Jul 29, 1911 |
Liberal Party
• Sir Wilfrid Laurier—8th Ministry |
133 of 221 House seats |
Conservative Party
• Robert Borden |
none |
|
12th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1911
7 sessions |
Oct 7, 1911
–
Oct 6, 1917 |
Conservative Party
• Sir Robert Borden—9th Ministry |
132 of 221 House seats |
Liberal Party
• Sir Wilfrid Laurier |
none |
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13th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1917
5 sessions |
Mar 16, 1918
–
Oct 4, 1921 |
Unionist coalition (1918–1920)
• Sir Robert Borden—10th Ministry |
153 of 235 House seats (coalition)[nb 6] |
Laurier Liberals
• Sir Wilfrid Laurier (1918–1919)
• Daniel Duncan McKenzie (1919)
• William Lyon Mackenzie King (1919–1921) |
none |
National Liberal and Conservative Party (1920–1921)
• Arthur Meighen—11th Ministry |
75px |
14th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1921
4 sessions |
Jan 15, 1922
–
Sep 5, 1925 |
Liberal Party
• William Lyon Mackenzie King—12th Ministry |
118 of 235 House seats[nb 7] |
Conservative Party[nb 8]
• Arthur Meighen |
• Progressive Party |
75px |
15th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1925
1 session |
Dec 7, 1925
–
Jul 2, 1926 |
Liberal Party (1925–1926)
• William Lyon Mackenzie King—12th Ministry |
100 of 245 House seats (minority)[nb 9] |
Conservative Party (1925–1926)
• Arthur Meighen |
• Progressive Party |
Conservative Party (1926)
• Arthur Meighen—13th Ministry |
115 of 245 House seats (minority)[nb 10] |
Liberal Party (1926)
• William Lyon Mackenzie King |
75px |
16th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1926
4 sessions |
Nov 2, 1926
–
May 30, 1930 |
Liberal Party
• William Lyon Mackenzie King—14th Ministry |
116 of 245 House seats (minority)[nb 11] |
Conservative Party
• Hugh Guthrie (1926–1927)
• Richard Bennett (1927–1930) |
none |
75px |
17th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1930
6 sessions |
Aug 18, 1930
–
Aug 14, 1935 |
Conservative Party
• Richard Bennett—15th Ministry |
134 of 245 House seats |
Liberal Party
• William Lyon Mackenzie King |
none |
|
18th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1935
6 sessions |
Nov 9, 1935
–
Jan 25, 1940 |
Liberal Party
• William Lyon Mackenzie King—16th Ministry |
173 of 245 House seats |
Conservative Party
• Richard Bennett (1935–1938)
• Robert Manion (1938–1940) |
• Social Credit Party |
|
19th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1940
6 sessions |
Apr 17, 1940
–
Apr 16, 1945 |
Liberal Party
• William Lyon Mackenzie King—16th Ministry |
179 of 245 House seats |
Conservative Party[nb 12]
• Richard Hanson (1940–1942)
• Gordon Graydon (1943–1945) |
none |
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20th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1945
5 sessions |
Aug 9, 1945
–
Apr 30, 1949 |
Liberal Party
• William Lyon Mackenzie King—16th Ministry (1945–1948)
• Louis St. Laurent—17th Ministry (1948–1949) |
118 of 245 House seats |
Progressive Conservative Party
• John Bracken (1945–1948)
• George Drew (1948–1949) |
• Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
• Social Credit Party |
75px |
21st Canadian Parliament
Elected 1949
7 sessions |
Aug 29, 1949
–
Jun 13, 1953 |
Liberal Party
• Louis St. Laurent—17th Ministry |
191 of 262 House seats |
Progressive Conservative Party
• George Drew |
• Co-operative Commonwealth Federation |
|
22nd Canadian Parliament
Elected 1953
5 sessions |
Oct 8, 1953
–
Apr 12, 1957 |
Liberal Party
• Louis St. Laurent—17th Ministry |
169 of 265 House seats |
Progressive Conservative Party
• George Drew (1953–1954)
• William Earl Rowe (1954–1955)
• George Drew (1955–1956)
• John Diefenbaker (1956–1957) |
• Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
• Social Credit Party |
|
23rd Canadian Parliament
Elected 1957
1 session |
Aug 8, 1957
–
Feb 1, 1958 |
Progressive Conservative Party
• John Diefenbaker—18th Ministry |
111 of 265 House seats (minority) |
Liberal Party
• Louis St. Laurent (1957–1958)
• Lester B. Pearson (1958) |
• Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
• Social Credit Party |
|
24th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1958
5 sessions |
Apr 30, 1958
–
Apr 19, 1962 |
Progressive Conservative Party
• John Diefenbaker—18th Ministry |
208 of 265 House seats |
Liberal Party
• Lester B. Pearson |
none |
|
25th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1962
1 session |
Jul 18, 1962
–
Feb 6, 1963 |
Progressive Conservative Party
• John Diefenbaker—18th Ministry |
116 of 265 House seats (minority) |
Liberal Party
• Lester B. Pearson |
• Social Credit Party
• New Democratic Party |
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26th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1963
3 sessions |
May 8, 1963
–
Sep 8, 1965 |
Liberal Party
• Lester B. Pearson—19th Ministry |
128 of 265 House seats (minority)[nb 13] |
Progressive Conservative Party
• John Diefenbaker |
• Social Credit Party
• New Democratic Party |
|
27th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1965
2 sessions |
Dec 9, 1965
–
Apr 23, 1968 |
Liberal Party
• Lester B. Pearson—19th Ministry |
131 of 265 House seats (minority)[nb 14] |
Progressive Conservative Party
• John Diefenbaker (1965–1967)
• Michael Starr (1967)
• Robert Stanfield (1967–1968) |
• New Democratic Party |
|
28th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1968
4 sessions |
Jul 25, 1968
–
Sep 1, 1972 |
Liberal Party
• Pierre Trudeau—20th Ministry |
154 of 264 House seats |
Progressive Conservative Party
• Robert Stanfield |
• New Democratic Party
• Ralliement créditiste |
|
29th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1972
2 sessions |
Nov 20, 1972
–
May 9, 1974 |
Liberal Party
• Pierre Trudeau—20th Ministry |
109 of 264 House seats (minority) |
Progressive Conservative Party
• Robert Stanfield |
• New Democratic Party
• Social Credit Party |
|
30th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1974
4 sessions |
Jul 31, 1974
–
Mar 26, 1979 |
Liberal Party
• Pierre Trudeau—20th Ministry |
141 of 264 House seats
76 of 102 Senate seats |
Progressive Conservative Party
• Robert Stanfield (1974–1976)
• Joe Clark (1976–1979) |
• New Democratic Party |
|
31st Canadian Parliament
Elected 1979
1 session |
Jun 11, 1979
–
Dec 14, 1979 |
Progressive Conservative Party
• Joe Clark—21st Ministry |
136 of 282 House seats (minority)
18 of 104 Senate seats |
Liberal Party
• Pierre Trudeau |
• New Democratic Party |
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32nd Canadian Parliament
Elected 1980
2 sessions |
Mar 10, 1980
–
Jul 9, 1984 |
Liberal Party
• Pierre Trudeau—22nd Ministry (1980–1984)
• John Turner—23rd Ministry (1984) |
147 of 282 House seats
71 of 104 Senate seats |
Progressive Conservative Party
• Joe Clark (1980–1983)
• Brian Mulroney (1983–1984) |
• New Democratic Party |
|
33rd Canadian Parliament
Elected 1984
2 sessions |
Sep 24, 1984
–
Oct 1, 1988 |
Progressive Conservative Party
• Brian Mulroney—24th Ministry |
211 of 282 House seats
23 of 104 Senate seats |
Liberal Party
• John Turner |
• New Democratic Party |
|
34th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1988
3 sessions |
Dec 12, 1988
–
Sep 8, 1993 |
Progressive Conservative Party
• Brian Mulroney—24th Ministry (1988–1993)
• Kim Campbell—25th Ministry (1993) |
169 of 295 House seats
36 of 104 Senate seats[nb 15] |
Liberal Party
• John Turner (1988–1990)
• Herb Gray (1990)
• Jean Chrétien (1990–1993) |
• New Democratic Party |
|
35th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1993
2 sessions |
Nov 15, 1993
–
Apr 27, 1997 |
Liberal Party
• Jean Chrétien—26th Ministry |
177 of 295 House seats
41 of 104 Senate seats |
Bloc Québécois
• Lucien Bouchard (1993–1996)
• Gilles Duceppe (1996)
• Michel Gauthier (1996)
• Gilles Duceppe (1996–1997) |
• Reform Party |
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36th Canadian Parliament
Elected 1997
2 sessions |
Jun 23, 1997
–
Oct 22, 2000 |
Liberal Party
• Jean Chrétien—26th Ministry |
155 of 301 House seats
51 of 104 Senate seats |
Reform Party (1997–2000)
• Preston Manning |
• Bloc Québécois
• New Democratic Party
• Progressive Conservative Party |
Canadian Alliance (2000)
• Deborah Grey (2000)
• Stockwell Day (2000) |
|
37th Canadian Parliament
Elected 2000
3 sessions |
Dec 18, 2000
–
Aug 23, 2004 |
Liberal Party
• Jean Chrétien—26th Ministry (2000–2004)
• Paul Martin—27th Ministry (2004) |
172 of 301 House seats
55 of 105 Senate seats |
Canadian Alliance (2000–2004)
• Stockwell Day (2000)
• John Reynolds (2001–2002)
• Stephen Harper (2002–2004)
• Grant Hill (2004) |
• Bloc Québécois
• New Democratic Party
• Progressive Conservative Party |
Conservative Party (2004)
• Grant Hill (2004)
• Stephen Harper (2004) |
• Bloc Québécois
• New Democratic Party |
|
38th Canadian Parliament
Elected 2004
1 session |
Oct 19, 2004
–
Nov 29, 2005 |
Liberal Party
• Paul Martin—27th Ministry |
135 of 308 House seats (minority)[nb 16]
64 of 105 Senate seats |
Conservative Party
• Stephen Harper |
• Bloc Québécois
• New Democratic Party |
|
39th Canadian Parliament
Elected 2006
2 sessions |
Feb 13, 2006
–
Sep 7, 2008 |
Conservative Party
• Stephen Harper—28th Ministry |
124 of 308 House seats (minority)
23 of 105 Senate seats |
Liberal Party
• Bill Graham (2006)
• Stéphane Dion (2006–2008) |
• Bloc Québécois
• New Democratic Party |
|
40th Canadian Parliament
Elected 2008
3 sessions |
Nov 4, 2008
–
Mar 26, 2011 |
Conservative Party
• Stephen Harper—28th Ministry |
143 of 308 House seats (minority)
21 of 105 Senate seats |
Liberal Party
• Stéphane Dion (2008)
• Michael Ignatieff (2008–2011) |
• Bloc Québécois
• New Democratic Party |
|
41st Canadian Parliament
Elected 2011
2 sessions |
May 23, 2011
–
Aug 2, 2015 |
Conservative Party
• Stephen Harper—28th Ministry |
166 of 308 House seats
52 of 105 Senate seats |
New Democratic Party
• Jack Layton (2011)
• Nycole Turmel (2011–2012)
• Thomas Mulcair (2012–2015) |
• Liberal Party |
|
42nd Canadian Parliament
Elected 2015
1 session |
Dec 3, 2015
–
Sep 11, 2019 |
Liberal Party
• Justin Trudeau—29th Ministry |
184 of 338 House seats
0 of 105 Senate seats |
Conservative Party
• Rona Ambrose (2015–2017)
• Andrew Scheer (2017–2020) |
• New Democratic Party |
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43rd Canadian Parliament
Elected 2019
2 sessions |
Dec 5, 2019
–
Aug 15, 2021 |
Liberal Party
• Justin Trudeau—29th Ministry |
157 of 338 House seats (minority)
0 of 105 Senate seats |
Conservative Party
• Andrew Scheer (2017–2020)
• Erin O'Toole (2020–2021) |
• Bloc Québécois
• New Democratic Party |
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44th Canadian Parliament
Elected 2021 |
Nov 22, 2021
–
present |
Liberal Party
• Justin Trudeau—29th Ministry |
160 of 338 House seats (minority)
0 of 105 Senate seats |
Conservative Party
• Erin O'Toole (2021–2022)
• Candice Bergen (2022–present) |
• Bloc Québécois
• New Democratic Party |