Lisch nodule
A Lisch nodule is a pigmented hamartomatous nodular aggregate of dendritic melanocytes affecting the iris,[1][2] named after Austrian ophthalmologist Karl Lisch (1907–1999), who first recognized them in 1937.[3]
The first published use of the term, "Lisch nodule," was in the New England Journal of Medicine "Medical Progress" series article of December 31, 1981 (Riccardi VM: Von Recklinghausen Neurofibromatosis. N Engl J Med 1981;305:1617-27).
These nodules are found in neurofibromatosis type 1, and are present in greater than 94% of patients over the age of six.[2] They are clear, yellow-brown,[4] oval to round, dome-shaped papules that project from the surface of the iris. These nodules typically do not affect vision, but are very useful in diagnosis.[2] They are detected by slit lamp examination.[4] Immunohistochemistry stains positive against vimentin and S-100, and points to an ectodermal origin.[3] Their precise origin and structure, however, is still under debate.[4] They are not found in neurofibromatosis type 2.
See also
References
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